Subject: Sociology
Class XII
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Max. Marks: 80
General Instructions:
- The question paper is divided into four sections.
- There are 38 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
- Section A includes question No 1-20. These are MCQ type questions. As per the question, there can be one answer.
- Section B includes question No 21-29. These are very short answer type questions carrying 2 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 30 words.
- Section C includes question No 30-35. They are short answer type questions carrying 4 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 80 words.
- Section D includes question No 36-38. They are long answer type questions carrying 6 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 200 words each. Question no 36 is to be answered with the help of the passage given.
SECTION A
1. The National Family Planning Programme was renamed as the National Family Welfare Programme after the Emergency, and coercive methods were no longer used.
Which of the following did not happen after the Emergency –
(a) National Family Planning Programme was renamed after the Emergency
(b) After the Emergency, the National Family Planning Programme was renamed as the National Family Welfare Programme.
(c) The coercive methods adopted for sterilization after the emergency were used.
(d) The coercive methods adopted for sterilization were abandoned after the Emergency.
2. Assertion (A): A new set of guidelines were formulated as part of the National Population Policy of the year 2000.
Reason (R): In fact, India was perhaps the first country to explicitly announce such a policy in 1952.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false and R is true
3. In patriarchal family structure the ____________ exercise authority and dominance.
(a) Women
(b) Society
(c) Men
(d) Elders
4. Assertion (A): ‘Tribe’ is a modern term.
Reason (R): ‘Tribe’ used for communities that are very old, being among the oldest inhabitants of the Sub-continent.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false and R is true
5. What is right for Discrimination
(1) Behavior towards another group or individual
(2) Discrimination can be very hard to prove
(3) Sense of belonging
(4) Discrimination can be very easy to prove
(a) 1 and 4
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 1 and 2
(d) 4 only
6. Ritually the highest caste, __________ were not supposed to amass wealth.
(a) Vaishya
(b) Shudra
(c) Kshatriya
(d) Brahmin
7. This identity is based on birth and ‘belonging’ rather than on some form of acquired qualifications or ‘accomplishment’. It is what we ‘are’ rather than what we have become. What is this identity?
(a) Cultural
(b) Economic
(c) Political
(d) Community
8. After Independence. Initially the Indian state continued with the British-Indian arrangement dividing India into large provinces, also called ‘presidencies’. (Madras, Bombay and Calcutta were the three major presidencies; incidentally, all three cities after which the presidencies were named have changed their names recently). These were large multi-ethnic and multilingual provincial states constituting the major political-administrative units of a semi-federal state called the Union of India.
Which of the following is true in the given context?
(1) India was divided into large provinces, which were also called ‘Presidencies’.
(2) India was divided into large provinces, which were also called ‘Residencies’.
(3) Madras, Bombay and Calcutta were three major presidencies.
(a) Only 1 is true
(b) Only 2 is true
(c) Only 3 is true
(d) 1 and 3 are true
9. People were carted in ships from India to work on other colonized lands in distance Asia, Africa and Americas. Many died on their way. Most could never return.
What are the descendants of those Indian known today?
(a) Today the descendants of those Indians are not known as people of “Indian origin”
(b) Today the descendants of those Indians are known as people of “social origin”
(c) Today the descendants of those Indians are known as people of “foreign origin”.
(d) Today the descendants of those Indians are known as people of “Indian origins”.
10. When was Anjuman-E-Khawatn-E-Islam founded?
(a) 1916
(b) 1915
(c) 1918
(d) 1914
11. Members of low ranked caste groups had to provide labour for a fixed number of days per year to the village zamindar or landlord. Similarly, lack of resources, and dependence on the landed class for economic, social and political support, meant that many of the working poor were tied to landowners in ‘hereditary’ labour relationships (bonded labour)
In Karnataka this system is called ________.
(a) Farmer
(b) Halpati
(c) Jeeta
(d) Owner
12. Only certain regions such as the Punjab, western U.P., coastal Andhra Pradesh, and parts of Tamil Nadu, received the _________ wave of the Green Revolution package.
(a) third
(b) last
(c) second
(d) first
13. On which of the following basis the people of Mumbai are not divided?
(a) Where do they live
(b) What do they eat
(c) How many expensive clothes do they wear
(d) From where did they study
14. Assertion (A): In America, a coffee advertisements display on cup on the package.
Reason (R): Indians consider drinking coffee as an occasion to socialize with others.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false and R is true
15. __________ leads to greater equality, at least in some spheres. For example, caste distinctions do not matter anymore on trains, buses or in cyber cafes.
(a) Industrialisation
(b) Urbanisation
(c) Socialisation
(d) Beautification
16. The first modern industries in India were cotton, jute, coal mines and railways. After independence, the government took over the ‘commanding heights of the economy’. This involved defence, transport and communication, power, mining and other projects which only government had to power to do, and which was also necessary for private industry to flourish.
In which economy policy, some sectors were reserved for government, while others were open to the private sector.
(a) simple
(b) complex
(c) mixed
(d) large
17. People may damage a bus and attack its driver when the bus has run over a child. This is an isolated incident of protest. Since it flares up and dies down it is not a _________
(a) Social thought
(b) Social movement
(c) Social belief
(d) Social action
18. Assertion (A): Spontaneous, disorganized protest cannot be called social movement either.
Reason (R): Collective action must be marked by some degree of organisation.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false and R is true
19. To mobilise collectively in a sustained and ___________ manner, grievances have to be discussed and analysed in order to arrive at a shared ideology and strategy.
(a) unorganized
(b) organised
(c) whole
(d) handle
20. Assertion (A): Social conflict does not automatically lead to collective action.
Reason (R): For such action to take place, a group must consciously think or identify themselves as oppressed beings.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false and R is true
SECTION – B
21. For what reasons can interaction with strangers can be an advantage in urban life?
22. Discuss the reasons for the decline in child sex ratio.
23. Mention two characteristics of caste.
OR
First begun in the 1860s, the census became a regular ten-yearly exercise conducted by the British Indian government from 1881 onwards. The 1901 Census under the direction of Herbert Risley was particularly important.
Why was the census conducted in 1901 important?
24. The structure of the family can be studied both as a social institution and in relation to its relations with other social institutions of the society. The family itself can be defined as the nuclear family or the extended family. Its head (Karta) can be either a man or a woman.
What are the types of families on the basis of line of descent? Define.
OR
What is dominant caste? Explain with example.
25. What do you understand by Colonialism?
26. What was the role of cities in the economics of the British Empire?
27. Who coined the term Sanskritisation and what does it mean?
28. What are the reasons for conflicts and differences between generations in the contemporary context?
29. Many people living in rural areas are employed in, or have livelihoods based on rural non-farm activities.
What do you understand by non-agricultural activities?
OR
What do you understand by ‘benami transfers’?
SECTION – C
30. How is literacy an instrument of empowerment?
OR
What was the theory of demographic transition? Explain in detail.
31. Discuss National Development versus Tribal Development.
32. What do you understand by ‘Other Backward Classes’? What steps were taken for their welfare?
33. What are the major issues of concern to adivasis today?
34. What do you understand by ‘Communalism’?
OR
Explain ‘Secularism’?
35. What is Civil society and how do they work?
SECTION – D
While farmers in India for centuries have periodically faced distress due to drought, crop failures, or debt, the phenomenon of farmers’ suicides appears to be new. Sociologists have attempted to explain this phenomenon by looking at the structural and social changes that have been occurring in agriculture and agrarian society.
Suicides have become a ‘matrix events’. Discuss.
37. How is work carried out? Discuss.
38. Comment on The Women’s Movement.
OR
Ecological movements often also contain economic and identify issues. Discuss.