Subject: Physical Education
Class XII
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Max Marks: 3 hours
General Instructions:
- The question paper consists of 5 Sections and 37 Questions.
- Section-A consists of question 1-18 carrying 1 mark each. All the questions in this Section are Multiple Choice Questions with only one option correct. Write the correct option along with the question number in your answer sheet. All questions are compulsory.
- Sections-B consist of questions 19-24 carrying 2 marks each. All the questions in this Section are Very Short Answer types and their answers should not exceed 60-90 words. Attempt any 5.
- Sections-C consist of Question 25-30 carrying 3 marks each. All the questions in this Section are Short Answer types and their answers should not exceed 100-150 words. Attempt any 5.
- Sections-D consist of Question 31-33 carrying 4 marks each. Questions in this Section are based on Case Studies. There is internal choice available.
- Section-E consists of Question 34-37 carrying 5 marks each and answers should not exceed 200-300 words. Attempt any 3.
SECTION – A
1. In which of the following functions of sports event management does “recruitment process” take place?
A. Planning
B. Staffing
C. Controlling
D. Directing
2. Meso cycle is training of __________.
A. Two Weeks
B. 4 To 10 Days
C. 3 To 6 Weeks
D. 3 To 5 Months
3. The Isokinetic method was developed by___________.
A. H.C. Buck
B. Joy Perrny
C. J.J. Perrine
D. J.J. Coubertin
4. Iron is a part of_________________.
A. Trace Minerals
B. Macro Minerals
C. Vitamins
D. Carbohydrates
5. How many byes will be given if there are 16 teams?
A. 1
B. 8
C. 0
D. 12
6. How many matches will be played in the knockout tournament’s second round if there are 12 teams?
A. 8
B. 4
C. 5
D. 2
7. Transitional Phase is a________.
A. Rest and Recovery Period
B. Training Period
C. Competition Period
D. Fitness Period
8. Identify the asana:
A) Paschimottanasana
B) Halasana
C) Vajrasana
D) Pawanmuktasana
9. Identify the flag:
A. Olympic Games
B. Paralympic Games
C. Youth Olympics
D. Special Olympics
10. The International Paralympics Committee was founded in the year ___________.
A. 1960
B. 1948
C. 1900
D. 1989
11. The founder of Special Olympics was_______.
A. Eunice Kennedy Shriver
B. John F. Kennedy
C. Lyndon B. Johnson
D. Donald Trump
12. Nutrition is ________________Substance.
A. Biological
B. Chemical
C. Energy
D. Mechanical
13. ‘Acceleration run’ and ‘Pace run’ can be two methods of improving___________.
A. Flexibility
B. Speed
C. Endurance
D. Strength
14. In arm Curl Test, weight of the dumbbell for women is_________.
A. 2.5 Kg
B. 2.3 Kg
C. 2.4 Kg
D. 2.7 Kg
15. In which method is stretching done rhythmically?
A. Slow Stretch
B. Slow Stretch and Hold
C. Ballistic Method
D. PNF
16. Given below are the two statements labelled Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Intrinsic motivation has long term benefits.
Reason (R): As factors behind it are naturally pursuing actions that provide fun, pleasure, fulfilment or challenge.
In the context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct?
A. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C. (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D. (A) is false, but (R) is true.
17. A cut made into the tissues of the body to expose the underlying tissue is known as___________.
A. Laceration
B. Incision
C. Hematoma
D. Abrasion
18. The ability to attain a high level of fine-tuning of movement phases is known as_______.
A. Differentiation Ability
B. Orientation Ability
C. Adaptation Ability
D. Coupling Ability
SECTION – B
19. Define hostile aggression.
Ans. The term ‘hostile’ refers to being ‘opposed’, therefore hostile aggression refers to violent and angry behaviour where the intent and primary goal is to harm the other.
20. What is the Lordosis? Write in brief.
Ans. Lordosis is a spinal deformity in which the angle of arc of the lower back is reduced. This leads to an increase and exaggeration of normal concavity of the lumber region of the spine. It is also known as sway back.
21. Write a short note on Special Olympics.
Ans. Special Olympics is the world’s largest sports organization for children and adults with intellectual and physical disabilities, providing year-round training and competitions to 5 million athletes and Unified Sports partners in 172 countries. The concept was the brainchild of Eunice Kennedy Shriver, who in 1962 initiated a day camp called Camp Shriver for children with intellectual disabilities at her home in Potomac, Maryland. The camp sought to address the concern that children with special needs had very little opportunity to participate in organised athletic events.
22. Explain Non-Nutritive components of Diet. (Any four)
Ans. Artificial Sweeteners: These are synthetic compounds that duplicate the taste of sugar but contain less energy Preservatives: These are compounds that have the ability to inhibit microbial growth and are often added to food and beverage products to prolong shelf life. 6. Spices: A spice is a dried seed, fruit, root, bark or vegetable substance primarily used for flavouring, colouring or preserving food. Sometimes a spice is used to hide other flavours.
Coffee: Coffee is a brewed beverage prepared from the roasted or baked seeds of several species of Coffea.
23. Identify the importance of talent identification in sports and games.
Ans. Discovery of the great talent
-Recognition of the hidden talent
-By recognizing the talent at the early stage, the children can show their skills at their extreme
-Talent identification helps in finding a significant asset for the country
24. Explain any two test items from the Rikli and Jones test battery.
Ans. CHAIR SIT AND REACH TEST Purpose: To determine lower body flexibility.
Objective: To stretch the lower body as far as possible. Equipment: Straight back chair without arms; 18 inches’ ruler.
Procedure: The chair should be placed against the wall or somewhere where the chair gets stabilized. Participant sits on the chair with one-foot flat on the floor and the other leg extended forward with the knee straight, heel on the floor, and ankle bent at 90°. The participant, then, tries to touch the toe of that foot by bending at the hip and sliding her/his hands towards the toes.
BACK STRETCH Purpose: To determine upper body flexibility
Objective: To touch or overlap the finger of the both hands behind the back.
Equipment: 18 inches’ ruler Procedure: In standing position participant will place one hand over the shoulder and one hand middle of the back and try to touch or overlap each other.
SECTION – C
25. Draw a league fixture of 6 teams with the help of cyclic method.
Ans. If teams are 6 then 6 (6-1) = 15
26. Identify the specific training tasks in Mesocycle.
Ans. The duration of this training cycle is 3 to 6 weeks and is thus termed a cycle of medium duration. The purpose of this cycle is to tackle specific training tasks. These tasks are:
– Learning and acquiring mastery of skills
-Maintenance and stabilization of performance
-Development of physical and motor fitness components
-Preparation for a specific competition
-Attainment of optimal level of performance
27. What is Female Athlete Triad? Explain.
Ans. Disorder Eating — Some girls try to reduce body weight if they have female Athlete Triad. Such girls can range from not eating enough calories to keep up with energy demands to contain fat Anorexia Nervosa or Bulimia Nervosa
-Amenorrhea — In this factor, athlete performs rigorous exercises and does not eat enough calories. This decreases the hormonal level and causes varied menstrual cycle. Period of menstrual cycle remains more than three months.
-Osteoporosis — Osteoporosis weakens the bones due to the loss of bone density. This condition declines the performance and leads to bone injuries. Estragon is lower in girl with female Athlete Triad.
28. Describe importance of self-talk by athletes in sports.
Ans. Building and developing self-efficacy: Self- talk is effective in stimulating thoughts and feelings that lead to the belief that a person is competent and able to perform a task efficiently and effectively.
-Skill acquisition: Learning a new skill requires persistence, effort, and dedication. Self-talk can be effective in helping the athlete to continue to work hard in order to achieve a worthwhile goal. In becoming proficient in a new skill, the athlete changes bad habits and learns new good habits. -Creating and changing mood: Effective use of mood words can either create a desired mood or change an undesirable one. Words are powerful motivators because of the meaning that they convey.
29. Discuss various factors affecting projectile motion.
Ans. a. Gravity b. Air resistance c. Speed of release d. Angle of release e. Height of release f. Spin
-Gravity is the force exerted by the earth on any object towards the centre of the body, and it is directly proportional to the mass of the body. Without gravity, the body will travel in a straight line after being thrown.
– Speed of release: This refers to how fast the object is released (thrown or hit). The muscle force largely determines a projectile speed of release. Generally, the greater the release rate, the greater the distance gained.
-Spin: Spin happens as a ball moving through the air will move in the direction of at least air pressure. This helps the projectile maintain its course and can cause it to change height or direction.
30. Discuss the importance of the centre of gravity in sports with suitable examples.
Ans. a) Helps the athlete to move (b) Stops the moving object (c) Helps the athlete to accelerate (d) Helps the athlete in throwing objects. (e) Helps the athlete to lift the object.
(f) Helps the athlete to pull the object
-In combative sports like wrestling, a wrestler falls on the mat with arms, knees, and legs spread on the mat to get a proper balanced position
SECTION – D
31. Lalita, a student of class IX, was diagnosed with ‘Knock Knees’ which is becoming quite common in children due to lifestyle choices. She seeks help from his Physical Education teacher. The teacher has advised her to practice certain exercises on a daily basis.
a. What are the common causes for this postural deformity?
Ans. Heredity, disease, injury, poor habits, improper clothing, unhygienic living conditions, improper diet, improper exercise, lack of exercise, obesity
b. Suggest any two exercises for curing knock knees.
Ans. Exercises like horse-riding and keeping the pillow between the knees and standing erect for some times are the best.
c. What other leg related postural deformities are there?
Ans. Flat foot, bow leg
d. Genu valgum also known as_________
-Knock-knee
OR
d. What are the common symptoms for Knock Knees?
Ans. They include stiff joints, knee pain and walking with a limp. Stressed ligaments and muscles can also cause pain in the hips, ankles, or feet.
32. The Sports department of your school is conducting SAI Khelo India Fitness tests for all the students of the school.
Answer the following questions.
a. List down the test items for classes 1-3.
Ans. Body Composition (BMI)
Coordination (Plate Tapping)
Balance (Flamingo Balance)
b. Name the test items for classes 4-12.
Ans. Body Composition (BMI)
2. Strength a. Abdominal (Partial Curl-up) b. Muscular Endurance (Push Ups for Boys, Modified Push Ups for Girls)
3. Flexibility (Sit and Reach Test)
4. Cardiovascular Endurance (600 Meter Run/Walk)
5. Speed (50 mt. Dash)
c. Which tests are common in both the categories: 1-3 & 4-12?
Ans. Body Composition (BMI)
d. What does the Plate Tapping Test measure?
Ans. Speed and the coordination of limb movement.
OR
d. What does the Curl Up Test measure?
Ans. Abdominal strength & endurance.
33. During her gymnastics practice, Zoya was finding it difficult to maintain her balance on the balancing beam. Her coach tried to explain her about the basic principles of equilibrium. According to the principles of equilibrium Centre of gravity plays a very important role.
a. Low center of gravity helps in increasing__________.
Ans. Stability.
b. Which balance is required by the body when its moving?
Ans. Dynamic equilibrium.
c. What is static equilibrium?
Ans. Static equilibrium means when the body is at rest
d. Why do wrestlers spread their arms, knees, and legs on the mat when they fall?
Ans. This position, makes it difficult for the opposite player to move him
OR
What is the study of Human body and various forces acting on it is termed as?
Ans. Biomechanics
SECTION – E
34. What are the short and long-term effects of exercise on Cardio-Respiratory system?
Ans. Short Term Effects of Exercise in Respiratory System Respiratory
-Rate Increases: Our body requires more oxygen during exercise, and to meet this increased demand, the respiratory rate (breathing rate) increases.
-Tidal Volume Increases: The amount of air inhaled and exhaled in one breath is known as tidal volume.
-Rate of Exchange of Gas Increases: Regular exercise increases the rate of exchange of gas in lungs.
Long Term Effects of Exercise in Respiratory System
– Increased Efficiency of Respiratory Muscles: Due to regular exercise efficiency of respiratory muscles increases, inhalation and exhalation become fluent. This helps to meet the demand of oxygen.
-Increased Lung volume: Continuous exercises done for long duration help to increase the capacity and volume of lungs. Vital capacity increases almost 100 % as compared to that of a normal individual.
-Increased Pulmonary Diffusion: Pulmonary Diffusion refers to the capacity of the lungs to allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to pass in and out of the blood. Regular sub-maximal exercise training develops the scope of increasing the exchange of gases, and in this process the size of the alveoli also increases.
– Increased Residual Volume: Residual volume is the volume of air that remains in the lungs after forceful expiration. Regular exercise increases residual volume that helps to exchange the gases in normal limits
35. What do you mean by endurance? Explain any two methods to develop endurance in detail.
Ans. “The result of a physiologic capacity of an individual to sustain movement over a period of time.”
-Continuous Method As the name suggests, this method is about continuity. In this method, an exercise is done for a longer time without any rest. Because the duration of the activity is long and continuous, the training intensity is low. This method has the following subcategories: (a) Slow Continuous Method: In this method, the activity is performed at a certain speed without any break for a long duration. The speed of exercise is usually determined according to heart rate. A trained athlete’s heart rate should be between 140-160 beats per minute during activity. The duration of the training should not be less than 30 minutes. This method is used for walking, running, cycling, etc
– Fast Continuous Method: The activity is performed comparatively fast, but the speed remains uniform throughout the training. Heart rate during the training should be between 160-180 beats per minute. Because the intensity is high and is more strenuous and exhaustive than the slow continuous method, the duration of the activity should be at least 20 minutes.
-Variable Pace Method: In this method, activity is performed at a changing pace, but this change in speed is pre-planned. The heart rate usually ranges between 140-180 beats per minute during this method. The duration of this method may range from 15 minutes to 1 hour. Due to the varied pace, this exercise is very strenuous and should be done by trained athletes
-Fartlek Method: Fartlek is a Swedish word that means ‘speed play.’ In other words, it is another variation of the variable pace method. The difference between the two is in the Fartlek method the speed variation is not planned. The athlete changes the speed of his own accord during the activity due to changes in terrain, surroundings, and feelings. The heart rate and duration of the training are similar to the variable pace method.
36. What is a soft tissue injury? Name two types of soft tissue injury and describe it.
Ans. Soft Tissue Injuries: Any injuries to skin muscles or ligaments are soft tissue injuries.
-Strain is an injury to the muscles which are attached to a bone. A strain is an injury to either a muscle or a tendon generally caused by overuse, force, or stretching. Depending on the severity of the injury, a strain may be a simple overstretch of the muscle or tendon, or it can result in a partial or complete tear. A strain could be an acute or chronic soft tissue injury that is a twist, pull or tear of a muscle or the tendon.
-Cause – Strains occur suddenly (acute strain) or develop slowly over time (chronic strain). Causes include lifting of heavy objects, running, jumping, throwing etc.
-Prevention – Regular stretching and strengthening exercise for any kind of sport can be the preventive measure for strain.
-Treatment – It can be managed by applying ice packs and maintaining the strained muscle in a stretched position. (RICE: rest, ice, compression, and elevation).
-Sprain is the stretching or tearing of ligaments, the fibrous tissue that connects bones in the joints. A sprain occurs when you overextend or tear a ligament while surely stressing a joint. The most common location for a sprain is in your ankle -Cause – A sprain occurs when one overextends or tears a ligament while severely straining a joint.
-Prevention – Regular stretching and strengthening exercises for any kind of sport can be the preventive measure for such kind of sports injury.
-Treatment – RICE (rest, ice, compression and elevation).
37. What are the types of personality traits according to the Big Five Theory?
Ans. Muscle size — The strength of muscles is determined by the muscle’s size. The force produced by same size of muscles in males and female remain almost same but still males are considered stronger. This happens due to large and bigger muscles in males.
-Body weight — It is commonly heard that the people who are heavier are considered stronger as compared to the thin people. There is a positive correlation between body weight and strength among weightlifters. So, body weight also determines the strength of an individual.
-Muscle composition — The muscles consist fibers which are basically of two types — fast twitch fibers and slow twitch fibers. The fast twitch fibers can contract faster and can produce more force. On the other hand, the slow twitch fibres are able to contract for a longer duration but are not capable of contracting faster. The muscles which have more percentage of fast twitch fibres can produce more strength. High correlations between slow twitch muscle fibres and endurance performance have been reported in both running and cycling.
-Limb length — Another strength factor that is naturally determined is limb length. Persons with short limbs tend to be able to lift more weight.
-Cardiac hypertrophy — In athletes, the enlargement of heart reveals an improvement in performance. Regular exercises increase the size and strength of heart muscles