Class XII – Physical Education and Sports for CWSN – PYQs

Ans. Disability is of three types, which are as follows:

(i) Cognitive Disability: It is a disability that impacts on individual’s ability to access, process or remember information. It is a limitation to recognise, understand, interpret or respond to information.

(ii) Intellectual Disability: It is a disability characterised by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviour. It is more severe in nature as the child is not able to perform even the daily activities along with the difficulty in learning.

(iii) Physical Disability: It is a long term loss or impairment of a body part that limits the body’s physical function. A person with physical disability cannot perform many actions independently. It may be a motor deficiency or a sensory impairment.

Ans. Disability means any kind of impairment or permanent reduction in physical or mental capacity of an individual. It can be a physical loss, mental illness or reduction in the use of sense organs.

Four methods of following disability etiquette are as follows:

(i) Treating disabled people with care and respect.

(ii) Educating normal people regarding disabilities.

(iii) Speak directly to the disabled person rather than through friend, attendant or sign-language interpreter, who may also be present.

(iv) Never speak about the disabled person as if the person is invisible or can’t understand what is being said.

Ans. ADHD is basically a condition that affects how well one can focus, sit still or pay attention.

The nature of this disorder is related to behavioural changes or disorders. About 10% of school going kids suffer from ADHD.

Boys are more susceptible to this disorder than girls. Children with ADHD may understand what’s expected by them but have trouble in following the instructions, required to complete the task.

Young children mostly act in this way when they are excited or anxious, but the difference with ADHD is that the symptoms are present in a kid suffering from longer period of time and takes place in different settings.

The ADHD disorder affects a child’s academic performance as well as social behaviour.

Ans. Three causes of disability are discussed as follows:

(i) Accidents: A wide variety of disabilities especially those associated with traumatic brain injury result from vehicular accidents, burns, falls etc.

(ii) Poverty: It is one of the biggest causes of disability. Poor people are most vulnerable to disability because they are forced to live and work in unsafe environment with poor sanitation, crowded living conditions and with little access to education, clear water or enough good food.

(iii) War: Land mines, cluster bombs, bullets and chemicals used in wars, cause more disabilities in the world today than anything else.

Ans. The strategy of positive behaviour relates to showing a positive attitude and having healthy interactions with the children with special needs. The teachers should prevent negative behaviour and encourage these children to participate in classroom activities.

Teachers and parents of children with special needs should encourage more interaction with normal children to develop a proper social behaviour.

Ans. Child’s mother is suffering from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). It is a mental health condition that involves around a debilitating obsession or compulsion, distressing actions and repetitive thoughts. The person feels the need to repeat the behaviours over and over.

The symptoms of OCD re as follows:

• Fear of being contaminated by germs or dirt or contaminating others.
• Aggressive thoughts towards others or self.
• Habitual of doing or having things in a perfect order always.
• Repeatedly checking things and compulsive counting.
• Spending a considerable time in a day on their thoughts and behaviours.
• A fear of being embarrassed

Ans. The five strategies to make physical activities accessible for children with special needs are as follows:

(i) Medical Check-up: If we want to make physical activities accessible for the children with special needs, we need to understand the type of disabilities of children and for this purpose complete medical check-up of the children is required.

(ii) Assistive Technology: It refers to creating devices, tools or equipment’s that help children with special needs to participate in learning activities like bigger balls, balls with bells, balls attached to strings etc. This kind of new technology makes physical activities accessible for children with special needs.

(iii) Adaptive Physical Education: Adapted physical education means developing, implementing and monitoring a carefully designed physical education instructional programme for a learner with a disability.

(iv) Creating Specific Environment: This means making a friendly atmosphere by keeping in mind the special needs of the children with disability. In this way, it shows that they are also wanted in society and like other children of their age, they can also play.

(v) Activities based on Interests: Physical activities must be based on interest, aptitudes, abilities, previous experience and limitations of children with special needs. The teachers of physical education should have deep knowledge of limitations, interests and aptitudes of children.