SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER (2021-22)
HISTORY
TERM II
CLASS 12
Time: 2 Hrs Max. Marks: 40
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
1) Question paper should be design of the according to CBSE syllabus pattern
2) The paper has been divided into four section – A, B, C and D
3) All questions are compulsory
4) Section A Question no 1 to 4 are short answer type question of 3 marks each. Answers to each question should not exceeds 80 words
5) Section B Question no 5 to 7 are Long answer type question 6 of marks each. Answers to each question should not exceeds 150 to 200 words
6) Section C Question no 8 and 9 are cased based type question 4 of marks each with subparts
7) Section D Question no 10 is map based carrying 2 marks
8) Note there is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in a few question. Only one in the choice in such question has to be attempted.
9) In addition to this, separate instruction is given with each section and question, wherever necessary
SECTION A
Attempt all questions: –
Q.1 How was the term minority defined by different group?
The minority was defined by different groups in the following ways:
1. N.G. Ranga, a socialist who had been a leader of the peasant movement, stated that the term minorities be interpreted in economic terms. He emphasised that the real minorities were the poor and the downtrodden i.e., the masses of this country. These include tribal people and poor villagers who are exploited by moneylenders, zamindars, malguzar and other people.
2. Jaipal Singh, an Adibasi, stated that tribes were not a numerical minority but they needed protection. They have been disgracefully treated and neglected for the last 6,000 years. They have been perceived as primitive and backward.
3. Dakshayani Velayudhan from Madras refused to believe that seventy million Harijans were to be
Q.2. Why was the permanent settlement of land revenue rarely extended to any region beyond Bengal?
The Permanent Settlement was brought into practise in 1793 by Lord Cornwallis, the Governor General. This was essentially an arrangement to adjust the land income between the company and the Zamindars. First enacted in Bengal, Bihar and Odisha, this was later followed in the presidency of northern Madras and in the Varanasi district. He imagined the development in India of a hereditary class of landlords. Often known as the Zamindari System, this system.
The key features of permanent settlement:
i) The owners of the land were known as landlords or Zamindars.
ii) Hereditary rights of succession of the lands under them were granted to them.
iii) The sum which the landlords had to pay was fixed.
OR
“The arguments and evidence offered by the fifth report cannot be accepted. Explain.
The Fifth Report was submitted to the British Parliament in 1813. It was called the Fifth Report as it
was the fifth in a series of reports about the working of East India Company. The core issue of the Fifth Report was the administration and activities of the East India Company. This report had 1002 pages. About 800 pages were in the form of appendices which included petitions of zamindars and ryots, reports of Collectors, statistical tables on revenue returns and the official notes on the revenue and judicial administration of Bengal and Madras.
Objectives of the Report: Many groups of people in Britain were not happy with the working of East India Company in India. They opposed the monopoly enjoyed by East India Company over trade with India and China.
Q.3. What was the immediate reason for the revolt of 1857 uncritically “Give arguments?
This movement became much more than a military mutiny. There has been much controversy over its nature and causes. The British military commander Sir James Outram thought it was a Muslim conspiracy, exploiting Hindu grievances. Or it might have been an aristocratic plot, set off too soon by the Meerut outbreak. But the only evidence for either of these was the circulation from village to village of chapatis, or cakes of unleavened bread, a practice that, though it also occurred on other occasions, was known to have taken place at any time of unrest. The lack of planning after the outbreak rules out these two explanations, while the degree of popular support argues more than a purely military outbreak.
Q.4. What are the important source for the study of national movement?
Contemporary newspapers are an important source of the study of national movement. Following points lay bare their importance as source of history with reference to Indian Freedom Movement.
(a) Many contemporary newspapers were published by those who were involved in the freedom struggle. For example, National Herald was issued by Motilal Nehru, further Mr Jinnah issued Dawn. These newspapers were mouthpieces and represented important voices of the movement. Hence, they made important source of information regarding the freedom movement.
(b) Newspapers do daily reporting, hence, their reporting is more detailed than perhaps any other source can be. As they report on extremely recent events, the chances of misreporting are less. Reading different newspapers further makes our reading balanced and free from bias.
SECTION B
Q.5. What did the rebels want? To what extend did the vision of different social group differ?
(1) The rebels wanted to root out the British authority from India and restore pre-British world.
(2) Interest of all classes of Indian society was hurt. It led to general resentment against the British among them.
(3) The rulers and Jagirdars wanted to reoccupy their respective kingdoms and Jagirs.
(4) Indian merchants wanted concessions in trade. They did not like interference in their accounts and transactions.
(5) The peasants wanted liberal land revenue with liberal means of realization. They also wanted to abolish exploitation by Zamindars and Sahukars.
(6) The government servants wanted good respect, salary, power and dignity.
(7) Indian artisans and craftsmen wanted good vocational conditions.
(8) Pandits, Fakirs and other learned persons wanted to protect Indian culture and religion.
Q.6. Why was the charkha chosen as symbols of nationalism explain?
Gandhiji used to work on charkha. He made it a symbol of our freedom movement. Following are
the reasons for making it the symbol of our freedom struggle.
a) Charkha symbolised manual labour.
b) Gandhiji wanted to attach respect to manual labour. On charkha people worked with their own hand.
c) Charkha was a low investment product hence anyone can afford it. It was a boost to the small scale industries.
d) Charkha as it dignified manual labour. It also promoted the culture of doing one’s own work. It would also strike at the root of caste system.
e) Charkha was used as tool to keep British imported clothes. Thus Charkha became a symbol of Indian nationalism. The basic spinning of yarn involves taking a clump of fibres and teasing a bit of them out, then twisting it into a basic string shape. You continue pulling and twisting to make it longer and longer, and to control the thickness. Thousands of years ago, people began doing this onto a stick, called a spindle, which was a very lengthy process.
The actual wheel part of a spinning wheel doesn’t take place of the spindle, instead it automates the twisting process, allowing you to “twist” the thread without having to constantly do so manually, and also the size of the wheel lets you more finely control the amount of twist. The thread still ends up on a spindle, just as it did prewheel
OR
Why were the main dialogues at the round table conference inconclusive?
The three Round Table Conferences of 1930–1932 were a series of peace conferences organized by the British Government and Indian political personalities to discuss constitutional reforms in India. These started in November 1930 and ended in December 1932. They were conducted as per the recommendation of Jinnah to Viceroy Lord Irwin and Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald, and by the report submitted by the Simon Commission in May 1930. Demands for Swaraj, or self-rule, in India had been growing increasingly strong. B. R. Ambedkar, Mohammad Ali Jinnah, Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru, V. S. Srinivasa Sastri, Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Khan, K. T. Paul and Mirabehn were key participants from India. By the 1930s, many British politicians believed that India needed to move towards dominion status. However, there were significant disagreements between the Indian and the British political parties that the Conferences would not resolve. The key topic was about constitution and India which was mainly discussed in that conference. There were three Round Table Conferences from 1930 to 1932. The Round Table Conference officially inaugurated by His Majesty George V on November 12, 1930 in Royal Gallery House of Lords at London and chaired by the Prime Minister. Ramsay MacDonald was also chairman of a subcommittee on minority representation, while for the duration his son, Malcolm MacDonald, performed liaison tasks with Lord Sankey’s constitutional committee. One of the foremost advisers was Sir Malcolm Hailey, an Indian civil servant with thirty years experience. The leading Liberal on the committee, Lord Reading was “well aware of the troubles which might arise if an when India became independent.” Clement Attlee, who served on the Simon Commission, wanted an early resolution but was baulked by the Conservatives in government until 1945. Sir Samuel Hoare wrote the cabinet a memo recommending a federal formula for the Government of India to “make it possible to give a semblance of responsible government and yet retain the realities and verities of British control.” The idea was proposed by the princely states and other Liberal Indian leaders including Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru would welcome it. The minority Labour government hoped to win the support of Liberal and Conservative colleagues in parliament for a “responsive” Indian government at central and provincial levels and a conservative legislature.
Q.7. Discuss with example the distinctive features of Mughal chronicles?
One important pillars of the Mughal state were its corps of officers also called the nobility.
Features: –
1. The mobility was recruited from diverse ethnic and religious groups the mobility consisted of Indian Muslims and Educated Hindus etc. They were described as a ‘Guldasta’ and were loyal to the Emperor.
2. The nobles were given Mansabs which indicated his Zat (salary) and accordingly he was required to maintain the number of housemen (Sawar).
3. The nobles participated in military campaigns with their armies and also served as officers of the Empire in the provinces.
4. Each military commander was supposed to maintain a cavalry- the main striking arm of the Mughal army. All the horses were marked with are imperial insignia (dagh).
5. The Emperor personally received changes in rank, titles and official postings of his nobles.
6. Akbar also established spiritual relationships with a select band of his nobility by treating them as his disciples (Murids).
7. Some nobles were stationed at the court and they were a reserve force to be deputed to a province or military campaign.
OR
Identify the elements that went into the making of the Mughal idea of kingship
The Mughal Empire, also spelled the Mogul or Moghul Empire, was an early modern empire in South Asia.
For some two centuries, the empire stretched from the outer fringes of the Indus basin in the west, northern Afghanistan in the northwest, and Kashmir in the north, to the highlands of present day Assam and Bangladesh in the east, and the uplands of the Deccan plateau in south India.
The Mughal empire is conventionally said to have been founded in 1526 by Babur, a warrior chieftain from what is today Uzbekistan, who employed military aid in the form of matchlock guns and cast cannon from the Ottoman Empire, and his superior strategy and cavalry to defeat the Sultan of Delhi, Ibrahim Lodhi, in the First Battle of Panipat, and to sweep down the plains of Upper India, subduing Rajput’s and Afghans. The Mughal imperial structure, however, is sometimes dated to 1600, to the rule of Babur’s grandson, Akbar.
This imperial structure lasted until 1720, until shortly after the death of the last major emperor, Aurangzeb, during whose reign the empire also achieved its maximum geographical extent. Reduced subsequently, especially due to the conquests of the Marathas and later during the East India Company rule in India, to the region in and around Old Delhi, the empire was formally dissolved by the British Raj after the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
SECTION C
Q.8. Read the sources given below and answers the question that follows
THE AKBAR NAMA
The Akbar Nama is one of the important illustrated official chronicles. It was written by Abul Fazal. The manuscript has an average of 150 full or double page paintings of battles, sieges, hunts, building construction and court scenes. In 1589, Abul Fazl worked on the Akbar Nama for thirteen years, repeatedly revising the draft. The chronicle is based on a range of sources, including actual records of events (waqai), official documents and oral testimonies of knowledgeable persons. The Akbar Nama is divided in to three books. The first two are chronicles and the third is Ain-i-Akbari. The first volume starts from the history of mankind from Adam to one celestial cycle of Akbar’s life (30 years). The second volume closes in the forty sixth regnal year (1601) of Akbar. The Akbar Nama was written to provide detailed information of the political events of Akbar’s reign. The Akbar Nama also provide a detailed description of Akbar’s empire-geographic, social, administrative and cultural-without reference to chronology. In the Ain-i-Akbari the Mughal Empire is presented as having a diverse population consisting of Hindus, Jainas, Buddhists and Muslims and a composite culture. Abul Fazl wrote this in a language that was ornate and which attached importance to diction and rhythm, as texts were often read aloud. This Indo-Persian style was patronized at court, and there were a large number of writers who wanted to write like Abul Fazl
Q.1 How many section are there in Akbar nama
The Akbar Nama is one of the important illustrated official chronicles. It was written by Abul Fazal.
Q.2 Who was the author of Akbar nama
was written by Abul Fazal
Q.3 How many year Abul Fazal work on the Akbar nama
COMPLETE BETWEEN 1589 TO 1596 TOTAL 7 YEAR
Q.9. Read the sources given below and answers the question that follows
DANDI MARCH
The Dandi March, also known as the Salt Satyagraha, the Salt March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of non-violent civil disobedience in colonial India led by Mahatma Gandhi. The twenty-four-day march ran from 12 March 1930 to 6 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and non-violent protest against the British salt monopoly. Another reason for this march was that the civil disobedience movement needed a strong opening that would inspire more people to follow Gandhi’s example. Gandhi started this march with his 78 trusted volunteers. [1] The twenty-four-day march ran from 12 March 1930 to 6 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and non-violent protest against the British salt monopoly. which was then called Navsari (now in the state of Gujarat). [2] An increasing number of Indians joined them along the way. When Gandhi broke the British Raj salt laws at 8:30 a.m. on 6 April 1930, it led to massive acts of civil disobedience against the salt laws by millions of Indians.
Q.1 How many total duration of day people have to march in Dandi
twenty-four-day march ran from 12 March 1930 to 6 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and non-violent protest against the British salt monopoly.
Q.2 How many total of miles cover to the followers in Dandi march
twenty-four-day march ran from 12 March 1930 to 6 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and non-violent protest against the BRITIES
Q.3 How many total of followers given to the participation of Dandi march
started this march with his 78 trusted volunteers.
SECTION D
Q. 10. On the given outline political map of India and locate and label the following the appropriate symbols
1) The place where Gandhi started the quit India movement
MUMBAI GWALIOR TANK
OR
The place where Gandhi given first speech of India
BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY
2) On the same outline map of India, a place related to the centres of the Revolt of 1857 is marked as A. Identify it and write its name on the line drawn near them.
Kanpur
