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Time allowed: 3 Hours Maximum marks: 70
General Instructions:
1. This question paper contains 30 questions. All questions are compulsory.
2. This question paper is divided into five sections. Sections-A, B, C, D and E.
3. Section A – Question number 1 to 17 are Multiple Choice type questions carrying 1 mark each.
4. Section B- Question number 18 and 19 are Source based questions carrying 3 marks each.
5. Section C- Question number 20 to 23 are Short Answer type questions carrying 3 marks each. Answer to these questions shall be written in 80 to 100 words.
6. Section D Question number 24 to 28 are Long Answer type questions carrying 5 marks each. Answer to these questions shall be written in 120 to 150 words.
7. Section E Question number 29 and 30 are Map based questions.
SECTION A
1. There are two statements marked as Assertion(A) and Reason(R). Mark your answer as per the codes provided below.
Assertion: High level of human development group has 53 countries.
Reason: A higher investment in people and good governance has set this group apart from others.
Options:
A. Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
B. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
C. Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
D. (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.
View AnswerAns. B. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. Consider the following and choose the correct answer with the help of given codes
Options:
I II III IV
A. 1 2 3 4
B. 2 1 4 3
C. 4 3 2 1
D. 2 1 3 4
View AnswerAns. I II III IV
B. 2 1 4 3
3. Maracaibo, Esskhira and Tripoli ports are classified as —
A. Ports of Call
B. Naval Ports
C. Oil Ports
D. Entrepot ports
View AnswerAns. C. Oil Ports
4. Consider the following statements and choose the correct answer with the help of given Option:
I. The resource intensive approach of modern expensive agriculture has become unmanageable for marginal and small farmers due to very meager or no saving to invest in agriculture.
II. Most of such farmers have resorted to availing credit from various institutions and money lenders but crop failures and low returns from agriculture have forced them to fall in the trap of indebtedness.
Options
A. Both the statements are true.
B. Only statement I is true.
C. Only statement II is true
D. Both the statements are wrong.
View AnswerAns. A. Both the statements are true.
5. Given below is a list of pillars of human development and its indicators. Which of the following pair is NOT correctly matched?
A. Equity -Making equal access to opportunities available to everybody
B. Sustainability – Continuity in the availability of opportunities
C. Productivity – Resources must be used keeping in mind the future
D. Empowerment- To have the power to make choices
View AnswerAns. C. Productivity – Resources must be used keeping in mind the future
6. Which one of the following is the largest linguistic group of India?
A. Sino – Tibetan
B. Austric
C. Indo – Aryan
D. Dravidian
View AnswerAns. C. Indo – Aryan
7. Which of the followings is not a function of World Trade Organization (WTO)?
A. WTO is the only international organization dealing with the global rules of trade between nations.
B. WTO resolves disputes between its member nations.
C. WTO covers trade in services, such as telecommunication and banking.
D. WTO provides funding to the global economies.
8. Which of the following is an example of low order service?
A. Teacher
B. Gardener
C. Lawyer
D. Musician
View AnswerAns. B. Gardener
9. In which of the following group of countries of the world, HYV of Wheat and Rice were developed?
A. Japan and Australia
B. Mexico and Philippines
C. USA and Japan
D. Mexico and Singapore
View AnswerAns. B. Mexico and Philippines
10. Consider the following statements and choose the correct answer with the help of given options.
Statement I: In recent years- ropeways, cableways and pipelines were developed as a means of transport.
Statement II: They were developed to cater to the demands of transporting specific goods under special circumstances.
A. Only statement I is correct
B. Only statement II is correct
C. Both the statements are correct, and statement II correctly explains statement I
D. Both the statements are true but not related with each other
View AnswerAns. C. Both the statements are correct, and statement II correctly explains statement I
11. Given below are the steps to generate geothermal energy. Arrange the following in correct sequence:
i. It is so hot that when it rises to the earth’s surface, it turns into steam.
ii. Groundwater in such areas (where the geothermal gradient is high) absorbs heat from the rocks and becomes hot.
iii. This steam is used to drive turbines and generate electricity.
iv. Geothermal energy exists because the earth grows progressively hotter with increasing depth.
A. (iv) – (ii) – (i) – (iii)
B. (ii) – (i) – (iv) – (iii)
C. (i) – (iv) – (iii) – (ii)
D. (iii) – (ii) – (iv) – (i)
View AnswerAns. A. (iv) – (ii) – (i) – (iii)
12. Which of the following is NOT the benefit of rainwater harvesting?
A. It increases water availability.
B. It checks the declining groundwater table.
C. It improves the quality of ground water through dilution of contaminants like fluoride and nitrates.
D. Helpful in production of hydroelectricity
View AnswerAns. D. Helpful in production of hydroelectricity
13. Which of the following plan was introduced to improve the conditions of roads in India after independence?
A. Five Year Road Plan
B. Nagpur Plan
C. Ten Years Road Plan
D. Twenty Years Road Plan
View AnswerAns. D. Twenty Years Road Plan
14. If you are asked to formulate the National Water Policy, what will be the utmost important priority for you.
A. To provide water for generation of hydroelectricity
B. Availability of water for industries
C. To provide drinking water
D. Availability of water for navigation
View AnswerAns. C. To provide drinking water
Read the following graph and answer question no 15 to 17.
15. How does the natural increase in population occur, as per the graph?
A. Birth Rate – Death Rate
B. Death Rate + Birth Rate
C. Growth Rate – Birth Rate
D. Birth Rate + Migration
View AnswerAns. A. Birth Rate – Death Rate
16. What does the transition from high fluctuating stage to low fluctuating stage indicate?
A. Shift from Urban Industrial economy to Rural Agrarian economy
B. Shift from Rural Agrarian economy to Urban Industrial economy
C. Low Birth and Death Rate to High Birth and Death Rate
D. Migration from Urban to Rural areas
View AnswerAns. B. Shift from Rural Agrarian economy to Urban Industrial economy
17. From the given graph, what condition can you infer about the least developed countries?
A. High Birth Rate and High Death Rate
B. Low Birth rate and Low Death rate
C. High Birth Rate and Low Death Rate
D. Low Birth Rate and High Death Rate
View AnswerAns. A. High Birth Rate and High Death Rate
SECTION B
Question 18 & 19 are Source based questions.
18. Read the given Passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Settlements vary in size and type. They range from a hamlet to metropolitan cities. With size, the economic character and social structure of settlements changes and so do its ecology and technology. Settlements could be small and sparsely spaced; they may also be large and closely spaced. The sparsely located small settlements are called villages, specializing in agriculture or other primary activities. On the other hand, there are fewer but larger settlements which are termed as urban settlements specializing in secondary and tertiary activities. The basic differences between rural and urban settlements are as follows:
· The rural settlements derive their life support or basic economic needs from land based primary economic activities, whereas, urban settlements, depend on processing of raw materials and manufacturing of finished goods on the one hand and a variety of services on the other.
· Cities act as nodes of economic growth, provide goods and services not only to urban dwellers but also to the people of the rural settlements in their hinterlands in return for food and raw materials. This functional relationship between the urban and rural settlements takes place through transport and communication network.
· Rural and urban settlements differ in terms of social relationship, attitude and outlook. Rural people are less mobile and therefore, social relations among them are intimate. In urban areas, on the other hand, way of life is complex and fast, and social relations are formal.
a. How is rural settlement different from urban settlement?
View AnswerAns. – Rural and urban settlements differ in terms of social relationship, attitude and outlook.
b. ‘Towns act as nodes of economic growth.’ Justify the statement.
View AnswerAns. Cities act as nodes of economic growth; provide goods and services not only to urban dwellers but also to the people of the rural settlements in their hinterlands in return for food and raw materials.
c. Social relationships are more intimate in rural areas in comparison to urban areas. Give one reason for the same
View AnswerAns. – Rural people are less mobile and therefore, social relations among them are intimate. In urban areas, on the other hand, way of life is complex and fast, and social relations are formal.
19. Observe the given map and answer the following questions:
a. Name the Railway line and the country where it lies.
View AnswerAns. Trans-Siberian Railway, Russia
b. Name the stations marked as ‘A’ and ‘B’.
View AnswerAns. Angarsk & Chita
c. State two reasons why it is the most important route in Asia?
View AnswerAns. (i) It runs through the Chita, which is an important agro-Centre and Irkutsk, a fur Centre.
(ii) It has helped in opening up its Asian region to West European markets.
(iii) It also connects links to the Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Mongolia and China.
SECTION-C
Question numbers 20 to 23 are Short Answer type questions.
20. A. “The basic goal of development is to create conditions where the people can live a meaningful life” – What do you mean by meaningful life?
View AnswerAns. A meaningful life is not just a long life; it also includes –
· Healthy life.
· Purposeful life
· Free to achieve their goal
· Able to develop their talent.
OR
B. How do people’s choices get affected in different aspects of life due to lack of human development?
View AnswerAns. Building people’s capabilities in the areas of health, education and resources is important in enlarging their choices. If people do not have capabilities in these areas, their choices also get limited.
For example, an uneducated child cannot make the choice to be a doctor because her choice has got limited by her lack of education. Similarly, very often poor people cannot choose to take medical treatment for disease because their choice is limited by their lack of resources (money).
21. What are the features of National Youth Policy?
View AnswerAns. The National Youth Policy (NYP–2014) launched in February 2014 proposes a holistic ‘vision’ for the youth of India.
It aims “To empower the youth of the country to achieve their full potential, and through them enable India to find its rightful place in the community of nations”.
The NYP–2014 has defined ‘youth ‘as persons in the age group of 15–29 years.
22. A. How is ‘Naturalisation of Humans’ different from ‘Humanisation of Nature’?
View AnswerAns. ‘Naturalisation of Humans’
· It refers to the point of view supporting environmental control on human action.
· Human listened to Nature, was afraid of its fury and worshipped the natural forces.
· Many of primitive societies live in complete harmony with their natural environment.
· The physical environment for such societies becomes the ―Mother Nature.
‘Humanization of Nature’
· With social and cultural Development, humans develop better and more efficient technology. · They move from a state of Necessity to a state of freedom.
· They create Possibilities with the resources obtained from the environment.
· Human has modified their surroundings according to their needs.
· Imprints of human may be seen everywhere on the earth.
OR
B. Evaluate the dualisms that exist in Geography
View AnswerAns. The three dualism in geography which started wide-ranging debates in the discipline of geography are:
a. Whether geography as a discipline should be a law making/ the orising (nomothetic) or descriptive (idiographic).
b. Whether the approach of the study should be regional or systematic?
c. Whether geographical phenomena can be interpreted theoretically or through a historic-institutional approach?
23. “Quaternary activities centre around research and development.” Examine the statement.
View AnswerAns. i. Quaternary activities Centre around research and development.
ii. It is an advanced form of services.
iii. It involves specialised knowledge and technical skill.
iv. It involves-
Collection of information
Production of information
Dissemination of information
SECTION D
Question numbers 24 to 28 are Long Answer Type questions.
24. “There is low yield per acre but high yield per person in the interior parts of semi-arid lands of the mid-latitudes in the world.” Support the statement with suitable examples from different parts of the world.
View AnswerAns. · The interior parts of semi-arid lands of the mid-latitudes in the world are the areas where extensive commercial grain cultivation takes place.
· Here the size of farms is very large and population is in small number.
· Operations of cultivation, right from ploughing to harvesting is mechanised.
· Yield per person is high as the number of people working in farms is less and lot of machines is used.
· The size of the farms is very large due to which per acre production or yield is low even though the total production is high.
· This type of agriculture is practised in Eurasian Steppes, Canadian and American Prairies, Pampas of Argentina, Velds of South Africa, Australian Downs and the Canterbury Plains of New Zealand.
25. Formulate the guidelines to promote sustainability in the Indira Gandhi Canal Command area.
View AnswerAns. I. There is an urgent need to strictly implement the water management policy.
II. Water intensive crops should be avoided and instead plantation crops such as Citrus fruits should be encouraged.
III. The Command Area Development programmes such as lining of water courses, land development, and levelling and warabandi system (equal distribution of canal water in the command area of outlet) shall be effectively implemented to reduce the conveyance loss of water.
IV. Efforts should be made to reclaim areas affected by water logging and soil salinity.
V. Afforestation, shelter belt plantation and pasture development are necessary for eco- development.
VI. For achieving social sustainability, land allotted with poor economic background should be given sufficient financial and institutional support so that they can cultivate their land in a proper way.
VII. Other sectors of economy, in addition to agriculture, animal husbandry and allied activities, should be encouraged for attaining economic sustainability.
26. A. Land degradation in India is caused by human made processes that are more harmful than natural processes. Explain the statement with suitable examples.
View AnswerAns. a. There are two processes that induce land degradation.
b. These are natural and created by human beings.
c. Wastelands such as gullied/ ravenous land, desert or coastal sands, barren rocky areas, steep sloping land, and glacial areas are primarily caused by natural agents.
d. Wastelands such as degraded shifting cultivation area, degraded land under plantation crops, degraded forests, degraded pastures, and mining and industrial wastelands are caused by human action.
e. Wastelands caused by man-made processes are more important than natural processes
OR
B. How has noise pollution become a serious problem in recent years in India? Explain.
View AnswerAns. Noise has become a serious concern only in recent years due to a variety of technological innovations.
a. The biggest nuisance is the noise produced by traffic, because its intensity and nature depend upon factors, such as the type of aircraft, vehicle, train and the condition of road, as well as that of vehicle (in case of automobiles).
b. In sea traffic, the noise pollution is confined to the harbour due to loading and unloading activities being carried.
c. Industries cause noise pollution but with varying intensity depending upon the type of industry.
d. Ocean noise is due to the vast increase in global shipping trade, the number of ships plying the oceans and higher speed of vessels.
27. A. How technological innovations are important aspect of modern manufacturing industries? Explain any five aspects.
View AnswerAns. Technological innovations through research and development strategies are an important aspect of modern manufacturing for quality control, eliminating waste and inefficiency and combating pollution.
Three aspects in this regard are as under:
· Complex machine technology is needed so that high quality goods are produced at less time.
· It requires vast capital so that machines with the latest technology can be used in manufacturing.
· Extreme specialisation and division of labour is required, that can work efficiently on the machines.
· The industries use machines for the production processes. Automation is the advanced stage of mechanization wherein, human thinking during the manufacturing process is not required.
OR
B. “High technology, or simply high-tech, is the latest generation of manufacturing activities”. Justify the statement with suitable arguments.
View AnswerAns. High technology or high-tech is the latest generation of industries which has grown at a rapid pace during the last few decades. The following features are as follows: –
· High-Tech industries require great deal of scientific research and development (R&D) and produce highly sophisticated products.
· These Industries improve their products very fast to meet the growing market demands.
· As their products are highly sophisticated therefore it requires highly skilled labour.
· Professional (White Collar) workers are main work force.
· Robotics on the assembly line, computer-aided design (CAD) and manufacturing, electronic controls of smelting and refining process are notable examples of high-tech industry.
· Neatly spaced, low, modern, dispersed, office-plant-lab buildings rather than massive assembly structures, factories and storage are mark the high-tech industrial landscape
28. A. What are the advantages of sea ports for India?
View AnswerAns. India is surrounded by sea from three sides and is bestowed with a long coastline.
Water provides a smooth surface for very cheap transport provided there is no turbulence.
Waterways are the cheapest means of transport for heavy and bulky goods and it is more favored for international trading.
Indented coastline is suitable for ports.
Opening of Suez Canal also promotes encouraged seaports along the west coast
OR
B. Why is seaport termed as gateway of international trade?
View AnswerAns. Ports as gateways of international trade-The chief gateways of the world of international trade are the harbours and ports.
The ports act as suction points of the resources from their hinterlands. The extension of railways and roadways towards the interior facilitates the linking of the local markets to regional markets, regional markets to national markets and national markets to the international market.
Cargoes and travellers pass from one part of the world to another through these ports.
The ports provide facilities of docking, loading , unloading and the storage facilities for cargo.
SECTION E
Question numbers 29 & 30 are Map based questions having 5 sub-parts each
29. On the given political map of the World, seven geographical features have been marked as A, B, C, D, E, F and G. Identify any five with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines drawn near each feature.
a. A major seaport.
b. An international airport.
c. An important Seaway
d. An area of subsistence gathering in South America.
e. An important seaport of Asia.
f. An area of Nomadic Herding
g. Region of extensive commercial grain agriculture
View AnswerAns. A. Cape town
B. Rome
C. St. Lawrence sea way
D. Amazon
E. Shanghai
F. Tropical Africa/ North Africa
G. Canterbury Grasslands/Plains
30. Locate and label any five of the following geographical features on the Political Outline map of India with appropriate symbols:
a. An important seaport in Andhra Pradesh.
b. An important coal mine in Tamil Nadu.
c. Ratnagiri – iron ore mines.
d. An oil refinery in Gujarat.
e. The state with highest population density.
f. The state leading in the production of jute.
g. An international airport in Kerala
Ans. A. Visakhapatnam
B. Neyveli
C. Ratnagiri
D. Jamnagar
E. Bihar
F. West Bengal
G. Thiruvananthapuram
