Class X - Social Science - Paper - 1

Time Allowed: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

(i) The question paper comprises Six Sections A, B, C, D, E and F. There are 37 questions in the Question paper. All questions are compulsory.

(ii) Section A – From questions 1 to 20 are MCQs of 1 mark each.

(iii) Section B – Question no. 21 to 24 are Very Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 2 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 40 words.

(iv) Section C contains Q.25 to Q.29 are Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 3 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 60 words.

(v) Section D – Question no. 30 to 33 are long answer type questions, carrying 5 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 120 words.

(vi) Section E – Questions no from 34 to 36 are case based questions with three sub questions and are of 4 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 100 words.

(vii) Section F – Question no. 37 is map based, carrying 5 marks with two parts, 37a from History (2 marks) and 37b from Geography (3 marks).

(viii) There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions. Only one of the choices in such questions must be attempted.

SECTION – A

Multiple Choice Questions (1 x 20 = 20)

1. Who created the first image of Bharat Mata?

(a) Abanindranath Tagore

(b) Raja Ravi Varma

(d) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay

Ans. (d) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay

2. Which one of the following statements is not an argument in favour of multipurpose projects?

(a) Multi-purpose projects bring water to those areas which suffer from water scarcity.

(b) Multi-purpose projects by regulating water flow helps to control floods.

(d) Multi-purpose projects generate electricity for our industries and our homes.

Ans. (c) Multi-purpose projects lead to large scale displacements and loss of livelihood.

3. Which of the following statements about terms of credit are correct?

(i) Land titles are only example of collateral used for borrowing.

(ii) Every loan agreement specifies an interest rate which the borrower must pay to the lender along with the repayment of the principal.

(iii) Collateral is a liability that the borrower owns.

(iv) If the borrower fails to repay the loan, the lender has the right to sell the asset or collateral to obtain payment.

Options:

(a) (i) and (ii)

(b) (ii) and (iii)

(d) (ii) and (iv)

Ans. (d) (ii) and (iv)

4. Which of the following conservation strategies involve community participation?

(i) Joint Forest Management

(ii) Beej Bachao Andolan

(iii) Chipko Movement

(iv) Demarcation of Wildlife Sanctuaries

Options:

(a) (i), (ii) and (iii)

(b) (i), (ii) and (iv)

(d) (i) and (iii)

Ans. (a) (i), (ii) and (iii)

5. Very high grade hematites are found in the famous _____________ range of hills in Bastar district of Chhattisgarh.

(a) Bailadila

(b) Kudremukh

(d) Ratnagiri

Ans. (a) Bailadila

6. Which of the following statements best describes the centre-state relations after 1990?

(a) The same party ruled both at centre and in most of the states.

(b) Centre tried to undermine the powers of the state.

(d) Coalition governments led to a new culture of power sharing and respect for the autonomy of state government.

Ans. (d) Coalition governments led to a new culture of power sharing and respect for the autonomy of state government.

7. Which of the following statements about democracy are correct?

(i) Promotes equality among citizens

(ii) Improves the quality of decision-making

(iii) Provides no method to resolve conflicts

(iv) No room to correct mistakes

Options:

(a) (i) and (ii)

(b) (ii) and (iii)

(d) (ii) and (iv)

Ans. (a) (i) and (ii)

8. Salim obtains credit to meet the working capital needs for production. The credit helps him to meet the ongoing expenses of production, in order to complete production on time. At the end of the month, Salim is able to deliver the order, make a good profit, and repay the money that he had borrowed.

Which of the statements holds true in Salim’s case?

(a) Credit in this case pushes Salim into a situation from which recovery is very painful.

(b) Credit plays a vital and positive role in Salim’s situation.

(d) Both (b) and (c)

Ans. (b) Credit plays a vital and positive role in Salim’s situation.

9. Which of the following is NOT an element of the Belgian model of power-sharing?

(a) Some laws can only be passed with a majority from each linguistic group.

(b) The Central government has an equal number of Dutch and French ministers.

(d) Territories based on language were abolished and people were encouraged to live amongst each other.

Ans. (d) Territories based on language were abolished and people were encouraged to live amongst each other.

10. The artist prepared this painting of Germania on a cotton banner, as it was meant to hang from the ceiling of the Church of St. Paul where Frankfurt parliament was convened.

What does the breastplate with eagle in the picture signify?

(a) Being freed

(b) Symbol of German empire-strength

(d) Willingness to establish peace

Ans. (b) Symbol of German empire-strength

11. Read the given text:

Goods are placed in containers that can be loaded intact onto ships, railways, planes and trucks. Containers have led to huge reduction in port handling costs and increased the speed with which exports can reach markets. This has enabled much greater volumes of goods being transported by airlines.

Which factor in the above case has enhanced globalisation?

(a) Technology

(b) Liberalisation of foreign trade

(d) Removal of tax barrier

Ans. (a) Technology

12. Identify the outcome of democracy from the following statement: “Democratic government may be slow, less efficient, not always clean but it is people’s own government.”

(a) Reduction of inequality

(b) Economic growth and development

(d) Legitimate government

Ans. (d) Legitimate government

13. Arrange the following events in correct chronological order based on the events that took place:

(i) Poona Pact between Ambedkar and Gandhi.

(ii) Dr B.R. Ambedkar organised dalits into depressed classes association.

(iii) Some social groups later on known as scheduled castes were regarded as untouchables.

(iv) Reservation for OBCS in central government services.

Options:

(a) (iii), (ii), (i) and (iv)

(b) (iii), (ii), (iv) and (i)

(d) (iii), (ii), (iv) and (i)

Ans. (a) (iii), (ii), (i) and (iv)

14. Any of the three hypothetical scenarios could be possible in the year 2040. Study the table carefully and answer the question that follows.

Based on the information given in the table, which of the following statements is LIKELY to be correct?

(a) In scenarios (i) and (ii) the secondary sector will need the least workers.

(b) In scenario (ii), India will become a major services-based economy.

(d) In scenarios (i) and (iii), maximum employment opportunities will be created in the secondary sector.

Ans. (c) The primary sector in scenario (ii) will be the highest contributor to the GDP of the country.

15. Consider the statements given below and choose the correct answer

Statement I: As primary education became compulsory; children became important category of readers.

Statement II: Gulamgiri was written by Jyotiba Phule.

(a) Statement (I) is correct and (II) is incorrect.

(b) Statement (I) is incorrect and (II) is correct.

(d) Both Statements (I) and (II) are correct.

Ans. (d) Both Statements (I) and (II) are correct.

16. Rishi commented on the Land use pattern of India.

(i) The land under permanent pasture has increased over the years.

(ii) The net sown area of total area is over 80% in Punjab.

(iii) Forest area in the country is lower than the desired 50% of geographical area as it was outlined in the National Forest Policy (1952).

Which of the statements highlighted by Rishi are incorrect?

Options:

(a) (i) and (ii)

(b) (ii), and (iii)

(d) (i), (ii) and (iii)

Ans. (c) (i) and (iii)

17. Match list I with list II and select the correct answer using the codes below in the lists:

(a) (i)-(D); (ii)-(A); (iii)-(C); (iv)-(B)

(b) (i)-(B); (ii)-(D); (iii)-(A); (iv)-(C)

(d) (i)-(D); (ii)-(C); (iii)-(B); (iv)-(A)

Ans. (c) (i)-(C); (ii)-(A); (iii)-(B); (iv)-(D)

18. The trade barrier put by the government which involves placing the limit on the number of goods that can be imported is known as

(a) Tax on imports

(b) Quotas

(d) Tax on exports

Ans. (b) Quotas

19. Which of the following is a component of a political party?

(i) Leaders

(ii) Members

(iii) Followers

Options:

(a) (i) and (ii)

(b) (ii) and (iii)

(d) (i) and (iii)

Ans. (c) (i), (ii) and (iii)

20. Match List I and List II and select correct answer using the codes given below this lists:

Options:

(a) (i)-(D); (ii)-(A); (iii)-(B); (iv)-(C)

(b) (i)-(B); (ii)-(C); (iii)-(D); (iv)-(A)

(d) (i)-(C); (ii)-(D); (iii)-(A); (iv)-(B)

Ans. (c) (i)-(A); (ii)-(C); (iii)-(D); (iv)-(B)

SECTION B

Very Short Answer Questions (2×4=8)

21. Study the following diagram and comment on the status of women’s representation in India’s legislative bodies.

Ans.

⚫ In India, the proportion of women in legislature has been very low. The percentage of elected swomen members in Lok Sabha has touched 11.8 per cent of its total strength and in the state assemblies still it is less than 5 per cent.

⚫ India is among the bottom group of nations in the world. India is behind the averages for several developing countries of Africa and Latin America in terms of women representation in legislature.

⚫ In the government, cabinets are largely all-male even when a woman becomes the Chief Minister or the Prime Minister.

22. (A) “Food offers many examples of long-distance cultural exchange.” Highlight any two such examples.

Ans. Traders and travellers introduced new crops to the lands they travelled.

For example:

⚫ It is believed that noodles travelled west from China to become spaghetti.

⚫ Arab traders took pasta to fifth century Sicily, an island now in Italy.

⚫ Potatoes, soya, groundnut, maize etc were introduced in Europe and Asia after Christopher Columbus discovered America

(B) How did silk routes link the world? Explain with any two examples.

Ans. (a) The most well known silk routes connected China to Europe. West bound Chinese silk cargoes travelled on this route. Chinese pottery also travelled through this route.

(b) Several silk routes have been identified by the historians, both over land and sea, connecting vast regions of Asia and linking Asia to North Africa. Through this route, Chinese pottery, Indian textiles and spices from south East Asia travelled to Europe and North Africa.

(c) Trade and cultural exchanges went hand in hand. Early Christian missionaries and later Muslim preachers travelled through this route.

23. “In 1980s and 1990s, a comprehensive agricultural reform programme was initiated.” In light of the above statement, mention any two steps taken by government in this direction.

Ans.

• Provision for crop insurance against drought, flood, cyclone, fire etc.

• Establishment of Grameen Banks

• Formation of cooperative societies

• Providing loans to farmers at low interest rates

24. How is horizontal distribution of power different from vertical distribution of power in India?

Ans. In horizontal distribution of power, power is shared among different organs of government such as legislature, executive and judiciary, whereas in case of vertical distribution, power can be shared among governments at different levels – a general government for the entire country and governments at the provincial or regional level. In India we have union government, state government and local government.

SECTION – C

Short Answer-Based Questions (3×5=15)

25. Assess the impact of print revolution on the European society.

Ans.

• After the coming of the print culture, the ideas of scientists and philosophers now became more accessible to the common people. Ancient and medieval scientific texts were compiled and published.

• By the mid-18th century, books became a medium of spreading progress and enlightenment which could change society and the world. It was also believed that the books could literate society from despotism and tyranny.

• The print popularised the ideas of the enlightened thinkers like that of Martin Luther who attacked the authority of the Church and the despotic power of the state.

• The print created a new culture of dialogue and debate and the public, became aware of reasoning and recognised the need to question the existing ideas and beliefs.

26. (A) “On the basis of ownership, sectors can be classified as public sector and private sector.” Explain how public sector contributes to the economic development of a nation.

Ans.

• There are several things needed by the society as a whole but which the private sector will not provide at a reasonable cost. Thus, governments have to undertake such heavy spending and ensure that these facilities are available for everyone. Eg: construction of railways, dams etc.

• There are some activities, which the government has to support. The private sector may not continue their production or business unless government bears a part of the cost. Eg: selling electricity at the cost of generation.

• There are a large number of activities which are the primary responsibility of the government to fulfill. The government must spend on these. Eg: Providing health and education.

(B) With the example of sugarcane, explain the interdependence of all the three sectors of the economy.

Ans. Cultivation of sugarcane is a primary activity which is carried out with the help of secondary and tertiary sectors in the form of agriculture inputs like machinery, fertilisers, loan, etc. Transportation of crops to the processing units requires tertiary and secondary sectors (transportation and industries).

Further the transportation of sugar to markets, and sale of sugar by retailers and wholesalers also require tertiary backup.

A person is required to maintain and monitor all these movements of goods from farm to factory and to shops in different locations. That is where the role of administrative staffs (tertiary sector) comes.

27. “Every litre of waste water discharged by our industry pollutes eight times the quantity of freshwater.” In light of the given statement suggest some ways in which industrial pollution of freshwater could be reduced.

Ans.

• Minimising use water for processing by reusing and recycling it in two or more successive stages.

• Harvesting of rainwater to meet water requirements.

• Treating hot water and effluents before releasing them in rivers and ponds.

28. “The Indian Constitution provides three lists to distribute the legislative powers between centre and state.” Comment.

Ans. The Constitution clearly provided a three-fold distribution of legislative powers between the Union Government and the State Governments. It contains three lists:

• Union List includes subjects of national importance, such as defence of the country, foreign affairs, banking, communications and currency.

• State List contains subjects of State and local importance, such as police, trade, commerce, agriculture and irrigation.

• Concurrent List includes subjects of common interest to both the Union Government as well as the State Governments, such as education, forest, trade unions, marriage, adoption and succession.

29. “Tertiary sector activities help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors”. Evaluate the statement.

Ans. After primary and secondary sectors, there is a third sector called the service sector also known as tertiary sector. Activities that fall under the service sector help in the development of the primary and secondary sectors by not directly producing a good but helping these sectors by activities that act as aid or support for the production process.

For example, goods that are produced in the primary or secondary sector would need to be transported by trucks or trains and then sold in wholesale and retail shops. At times, it may be necessary to store these goods in godowns. We may also need to talk to others over telephone or send letters (communication) or borrow money from banks (banking) to help production and trade. Transport, storage, communication, banking and trade are some examples of service or tertiary sector.

Since these activities generate services rather than goods, they promote primary and secondary sectors by providing expertise, finance, transportation, advertisement, etc.

SECTION – D

Long Answer-Based Questions (5×4=20)

30. (A) “The development of nationalism did not come about only through wars and territorial expansion, culture played an important role too.”

Ans.

• Culture played an important role in creating the idea of the nation: art and poetry, stories and music helped express and shape nationalist feelings.

• Romantic artists and poets generally criticised the glorification of reason and science and focused instead on emotions, intuition and mystical feelings.

For example

• German philosopher Johann Gottfried Herder (1744-1803) claimed that true German culture was to be discovered among the common people – das volk. It was through folk songs, folk poetry and folk dances that the true spirit of the nation (volksgeist) was popularised. So collecting and recording these forms of folk culture was essential to the project of nation-building.

• Poland had been partitioned at the end of the eighteenth century by the Great Powers – Russia, Prussia and Austria. Even though Poland no longer existed as an independent territory, national feelings were kept alive through music and language. Karol Kurpinski, for example, celebrated the national struggle through his operas and music, turning folk dances like the polonaise and mazurka into nationalist symbols.

• Language too played an important role in developing nationalist sentiments. After Russian occupation, the Polish language was forced out of schools and the Russian language was imposed everywhere. Many members of the clergy in Poland began to use language as a weapon of national resistance. Polish was used for Church gatherings and all religious instruction. The use of Polish came to be seen as a symbol of the struggle against Russian dominance.

(B) Why did nationalist tensions emerge in the Balkan region in Europe after 1871?

Ans. The Balkan region during 1871 comprised modern day states like Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Slovenia, Serbia and Montenegro. Its inhabitants were known as Slavs.

(a) This region had ethnic and geographical diversities and was under the Ottoman Empire for a long period. As the ideas of romantic nationalism spread in this region, it resulted in breaking up of the Ottoman Empire which made the situation even more serious.

(b) The Ottoman Empire could not do much to integrate these regions. As a result, most of the European subject nationalities broke away from the Ottoman Empire’s control and declared their independence.

(c) The Balkan people based their claim to be independent on the basis of nationality. They referred the examples from history as a proof that they were once independent and were subjugated by foreign powers. Therefore, they thought of their struggles as attempts to win back their long-lost independence.

(d) Because of this development, various other Slavic nationalities also struggled to define their identity and independence which made the Balkan a region of severe conflicts. At the same time they were jealous, of each other and wanted to gain more territory at the expense of the others.

(e) European powers like Russia, Germany, England, Austro-Hungary too fought with each other to control more colonies and establish their naval and military might. They were also keen to grab more of the Balkan region for expanding their trade. This made the situation more serious which ended up with the waging of the First World War.

31. (A) Why do you think that solar energy has a bright future in India?

Ans.

• India is a tropical country. It has enormous possibilities of tapping solar energy.

• Solar energy is fast becoming popular in rural and remote areas. It is easy to establish solar plants in urban and rural areas.

• Some big solar power plants are being established in different parts of India which will minimise the dependence of rural households on firewood and dung cakes, which in turn will contribute to environmental conservation and adequate supply of manure in agriculture.

• Many parts (regions) of the country received sunlight on 300 days annually and so it becomes possible to generate 20 MW solar energy per square kilometer in such areas.

• It is a renewable source of energy, while other conventional sources used for generating electricity are exhaustible and non-renewable.

(B) Explain how tidal energy and geothermal energy can be used to generate electricity.

Ans. Tidal Energy: Oceanic tides can be used to generate electricity. Floodgate dams are built across inlets. During high tide water flows into the inlet and gets trapped when the gate is closed. After the tide falls outside the flood gate, the water retained by the floodgate flows back to the sea via a pipe that carries it through a power-generating turbine.

Geo Thermal Energy: The Earth grows progressively hotter with increasing depth. Where the geothermal gradient is high, high temperatures are found at shallow depths. Groundwater in such areas absorbs heat from the rocks and becomes hot. It is so hot that when it rises to the earth’s surface, it turns into steam. This steam is used to drive turbines and generate electricity.

32. (A) What do you mean by multi-party system? Why has India evolved a multiparty system?

Ans.

• If several parties compete for power, and more than two parties have a reasonable chance of coming to power either on their own strength or in alliance with others, we call it a multiparty system.

• India, has a multiparty system.

• Party system is not something any country can choose. It evolves over a long time, depending on the nature of society, its social and regional divisions, its history of politics and its system of elections.

• Each country develops a party system that is conditioned by its special circumstances.

• India has evolved a multiparty system, it is because the social and geographical diversity in such a large country is not easily absorbed by two or even three political parties.

(B) Describe the role of opposition party in democracy.

Ans. The various roles of the opposition parties in a democracy are listed as follows:

(a) In every democracy all parties cannot get majority seats all the time. The parties which do not get the majority seats are called opposition parties.

(b) It acts like a watchdog of democracy. It keeps a check on the role of the government and restricts them from misusing the power.

(c) It provides to the people alternative policies and criticises government for its failures or wrong policies.

(d) The opposition is always a viable alternative to the ruling government.

(e) The opposition party has the right to check the expenditure of government.

33. (A) “At present, it is the richer households who receive credit from formal sources whereas the poor have to depend on the informal sources.” Substantiate with suitable answer.

Ans. Banks are not present everywhere in rural India. So poor people residing in rural areas have to take loans from informal sector.

• Getting a loan from a bank is much more difficult than taking a loan from informal sources. Bank loans require proper documents and collateral. Absence of collateral is one of the major reasons which prevents the poor from getting bank loans.

• Informal lenders such as moneylenders, on the other hand, know the borrowers personally and hence are often willing to give a loan without collateral.

• The borrowers can, if necessary, approach the moneylenders even without repaying their earlier loans.

• Formal sources provide loan only for productive purposes, whereas the informal sources provide credit for productive and non-productive purposes.

(B) Explain the significance of the Reserve Bank of India in the Indian economy.

Ans. (i) The Reserve Bank of India supervises the functioning of formal sources of loans.

(ii) The banks maintain a minimum cash balance out of the deposits they receive.

(iii) The RBI monitors that the banks actually maintain the cash balance.

(iv) The RBI sees that the banks give loans not just to profit-making businesses and traders but also to small cultivators, small scale industries, to small borrowers etc.

(v) Periodically, banks have to submit information to the RBI on how much they are lending, to whom, at what interest rate, etc.

SECTION – E

Case Based Questions (4×3=12)

34. Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow:
While the Rowlatt satyagraha had been a widespread movement, it was still limited mostly to cities and towns. Mahatma Gandhi now felt the need to launch a more broad-based movement in India. But he was certain that no such movement could be organised without bringing the Hindus and Muslims closer together. One way of doing this, he felt, was to take up the Khilafat issue. Gandhiji saw this as an opportunity to bring Muslims under the umbrella of a unified national movement. Khilafat Committee was formed in Bombay in March 1919. A young generation of Muslim leaders like the famous Ali brothers Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali, began discussing with Mahatma Gandhi about the possibility of a united mass action on the issue. At the Calcutta session of the Congress in September 1920, he convinced other leaders of the need to start a Non-Cooperation movement in support of Khilafat as well as for swaraj.
1. Explain in brief the Rowlatt Act passed in 1919.

Ans. The Rowlatt Act had been hurriedly passed through the Imperial Legislative Council despite the united opposition of the Indian members. It gave the government enormous powers to repress political activities, and allowed detention of political prisoners without trial for two years.

2. Explain the Khilafat issue that helped Gandhiji to bring Muslims under the umbrella of a unified national movement.

Ans. The First World War had ended with the defeat of Ottoman Turkey. And there were rumours that a harsh peace treaty was going to be imposed on the Ottoman emperor – the spiritual head of the Islamic world (the Khalifa). To defend the Khalifa’s temporal powers, a Khilafat Committee was formed in Bombay in March 1919 to bring Muslims under the umbrella of a unified national movement.

3. Name any two leaders of the Khilafat Movement.

Ans. Mohmmad Ali and Shaukat Ali (Famous Ali Brothers) were the two important leaders of the Khilafat Movement.

35. Read the given extract and answer the following questions:
Given the abundance and renewability of water, it is difficult to imagine that we may suffer from water scarcity. The moment we speak of water shortages, we immediately associate it with regions having low rainfall or those that are drought prone. The availability of water resources varies over space and time, mainly due to the variations in seasonal and annual precipitation, but water scarcity in most cases is caused by over- exploitation, excessive use and unequal access to water among different social groups.
Water scarcity may be an outcome of large and growing population and consequent greater demands for water, and unequal access to it. A large population means more water not only for domestic use but also to produce more food. Hence, to facilitate higher food-grain production, water resources are being over-exploited to expand irrigated areas and dry-season agriculture. It may lead to falling groundwater levels, adversely affecting water availability and food security of the people.
Post-independent India witnessed intensive industrialisation and urbanisation, creating vast opportunities for us. Today, large industrial houses are as common place as the industrial units of many MNCs (Multinational Corporations). The ever increasing number of industries has made matters worse by exerting pressure on existing freshwater resources.
Industries, apart from being heavy users of water, also require power to run them. Much of this energy comes from hydroelectric power. Moreover, multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles have not only added to water and energy requirements but have further aggravated the problem. If you look into the housing societies or colonies in the cities, you would find that most of these have their own groundwater pumping devices to meet their water needs. Not surprisingly, we find that fragile water resources are being over – exploited and have caused their depletion in several of these cities.
1. Mention any three causes of water scarcity.

Ans. Water scarcity is caused by over-exploitation, excessive use and unequal access to water among different social groups

2. How has industrialisation led to the problem of water scarcity?

Ans. The ever increasing number of industries has exerted pressure on existing freshwater resources. Industries, apart from being heavy users of water, also require power to run them. Much of this energy comes from hydroelectric power.

3. Is it possible that an area or region may have ample water resources but is still facing water scarcity? Comment.

Ans. Yes it is possible that an area or region may have ample water resources but is still facing water scarcity. Most of our cities are facing this problem.

(i) In most of our cities there is no shortage of water but the water is unfit for consumption.

(ii) Most of our cities are located at the banks of rivers, but rivers have been turned into toxic streams.

(iii) The ever increasing population, industries and vehicles has made matter worse by exerting pressure on existing freshwater resources

36. Study the given information below and answer the questions that follow:

The above mentioned information is associated with the per capita income of Haryana, Kerala and Bihar. We find that of the three, Haryana has the highest per capita income and Bihar is at the bottom. This means that, on an average, a person in Haryana earned ₹ 2,36,147 in one year whereas, on an average, a person in Bihar earned only around ₹ 40,982. So, if per capita income were to be used as the measure of development, Haryana will be considered the most developed and Bihar the least developed state of the three. But when we think of a nation or a region, we may, besides average income, think of other equally important attributes.
1. What do you mean by per capita income?

Ans. It is the income of a country divided by its total population. It is also known as average income.

2. State any one limitation of comparing states based on the per capita income.

Ans. Average income does not tell how the total income is distributed among people of a state.

3. “When we think of a nation or a region, we may, besides average income, think of other equally important attributes.” State and explain any two other attributes besides per capita income that UNDP uses in comparing two countries which can be used for comparing states as well.

Ans. Life expectancy at birth and net attendance ratio are two indicators that are helpful in comparing states other than per capita income.

Life Expectancy at birth denotes, average expected length of life of a person at the time of birth.

Net Attendance Ratio is the total number of children of age group 14 and 15 years attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group.

SECTION – F
Map Skill-Based Questions (2+3=5)
37. (a) Two features (A) and (B) are marked on the given outline map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked near them.
(A) Place where the peasant Satyagraha was organised in Gujarat.
(B) The place associated with Indian National Congress Session held in December 1920.
(b) On the same outline map of India locate and label any three of the following with appropriate symbols.
(i) Nagarjuna Sagar Dam
(ii) Software Technology Park in Telangana
(iii) Meenambakkam International Airport
(iv) Iron ore mine in Chhattisgarh
Map for Q.No 37(a) and (b)

Ans.

Class X – Social Science – Paper – 1