SAMPLE PAPER (2021-22 TERM 2)
ENGLISH -Language and Literature (184)
CLASS:X
Time allowed:2 hrs Maximum Marks:40
SECTION A-READING (10 marks)
- Read the passage given below:
- Mankind’s experience of various evolutionary changes from primitive times to the present day has been extensive and varied. However, man’s problems were never before as complicated as they seem to be today. Man’s economic activity centres primarily around factor of production; its role, therefore, has been given a lot of importance. It should be useful to have an overall view of the economic history of man – from the nomadic times to the modern factory system – and study its relevance to the various labour problems of today.
- Initially, man passed through ‘the hunting and fishing stage’. During this period, his basic needs were adequately met by Nature. Wild animals, birds and fruits satisfied his hunger, and his thirst was quenched by the waters of springs and rivers. Caves gave him shelter and barks of trees were used as clothing. During this stage of man’s progress of the absence of any economic, political and social system.
- The came ‘the pastoral stage’, which was marked by a certain amount of economic activity. The nomadic and migratory nature of man persisted, and, together with his goats and cattle, he moved on to fresh pastures and meadows. Some conflicts would sometimes take place among herd owners, for, during this period, the institution of nominal private property ownership was not known.
- This stage paves the way for ‘the agricultural stage’ during which the class system began to develop. There was a small artisan class mostly self-employed; and there were also landed properties or Zamindars as well as slaves. Thus, arose the feudal system. During the fourth stage of these developments, ‘the handicrafts stage’, a number of social and economic changes took place which marked the beginning of the labour problem in the world. The self – sufficient economy of the village underwent a drastic change. The community of traders and merchants emerged.
Based on your understanding of the passage, answer ANY FIVE questions from the six given below.
- How has humanity’s evolution from primitive stage to the present been?
Ans. Humanity’s evolution from primitive stage to the present has been extensive and varied.
- What were the needs of man during the hunting and fishing stage?
Ans. The needs of man during the hunting and fishing stage were basic and they were adequately met by Nature.
- How was the pastoral stage marked by a certain amount of economic activity?
Ans. The pastoral stage was marked by some amount of economic activity which was more than the previous stage.
- During which stage did the class system begin to develop?
Ans. Class System began to develop when agriculture started
- What were the consequences of the Feudal system?
Ans. The consequences of the Feudal system marked economic changes which also marked the beginning of the labour problem in the world.
- Rewrite the following sentence by replacing the underlined phrase with a word that means the same from para 4….. After an hour long inquiry of the suspected menthe truth became known that he was innocent.
Ans. After an hour long inquiry of the suspected men the truth emerged that he was innocent.
2. Read the following excerpt from a case study titled “Save Animals”:
Usually, you would need to visit a national park or sanctuary to sight beautiful wild animals such as the wild boar, blue bull (Nilgai), spotted deer, chinkara, blackbuck, Indian hare or monkeys. Today, just go round to any agricultural field and you may find plenty of wild herbivores roaming the grounds freely and feeding on the crops and natural palatable plants therein.
When forests were abundant, ecologically sound and self-sufficient, the movement of wildlife inside the Protected Areas/forests in search of food would extend no further than the buffer zone meant for environmental protection. Over time, however, the alarming rise in human population has put maximum pressure on forest wealth, leading gradually to large swathes of the forest, including the buffer zone and corridors, being converted into agriculture fields and industries, and cleared for the construction of urban zones, big dams, railway tracks, roads and highways, mining corridors, electricity transmission lines and other development works that massively reduce forest area and shrink good-quality wildlife habitats.
Resultantly, as wild herbivores made to move or migrate, through natural corridors, from one forest to another in search of food, they found themselves in agricultural fields, which are full of easily accessible feeding material. This has been the gradual effect of encroachment into the homes of wildlife by humans, compounding the human-wild animal conflict to rise. Exposed, such animals also come as easy prey for poachers or become road kill. As per Delhi-based NGO Wildlife Protection Society of India (WPSI), over 1,000 tigers have been killed in the country by poachers over the last two decades. Over 650 instances of road kill have been recorded in the last five years.
So, on the one hand, wildlife outside the protected areas is in great peril. On the other, farmers and locals in and around the forest-fringe areas are at a loss due to crop damage and the danger posed to human and livestock lives. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MOEF & CC) estimates that between 2014 and 2017, one death took place every day due to human-animal conflict. It is observed that the wild herbivores damage between 15-75% of the total agricultural area. Hence, a balanced solution in the form of a ‘Special Management Plan’ (SMP) is a need of hour, not only to protect wildlife outside protected areas and forests but also to safeguard human lives and livelihoods.
Based on your understanding of the passage, answer any five out of the eight questions given below.
- What is buffer zone?
Ans. The zone meant for the protection of the environment is called buffer zone.
- What is the most important reason behind the massively reduced forest area?
Ans. The most important reason behind the massively reduced forest area is the alarming rise in human population.
- What compounds the human-animal conflict?
Ans. The encroachment into the homes of wildlife by humans has compounded the human-animal conflict.
- State two reasons which have led to the decrease of animal population especially tigers? Refer to the statistics provided in the passage.
Ans. Over 1,000 tigers have been killed in the country by poachers and over 650 on road in the last five years.
- Where would one find wild herbivores like Nilgai now-a-days?
Ans. One had to visit a national park or sanctuary to sight the beautiful Nilgai in the past but now-a-days one may go round to any agricultural field and may find plenty of animals like the Nilgai roaming in the grounds freely.
- According to the data provided in the passage for the years between 2014 and 2017, how can you say that the situation is worrying.
Ans. According to the data provided the numbers of deaths due to human animal conflict have increased alarmingly this situation is worrying because we need to safeguard human lives and livelihoods.
SECTION B – WRITING & GRAMMAR (10 marks)
3. Attempt ANY ONE from i and ii.
i) Study the Bar graph which shows the reading habits of boys and girls in a city from the year 2011 to 2015. The first bar represents boys and the second bar girls.
Write a paragraph in not more than 120 words, analysing the “Reading habits of boys and girls”
Ans. Expected Answer / Value Points of the Test item.
· convey ideas using apt language.
· Stress should be on content (3marks)
· expression, coherence, relevance (2 marks) and accuracy.
Presentation of ideas through introduction, development and conclusion of the topic.
Use of appropriate style and format for the same.
ii) You are Yashika, the Head of Sangam Public School, Sangam Vihar. In the wake of the pandemic you have to buy sanitizer, sanitizing dispensers, mask thermometers and face shields in bulk for your school. Place an order for these to M/s Sahni Enterprises, Sadar Bazaar, Delhi.
Ans. Letter for placing an order
Content 2 Marks
Expression 2 marks
Accuracy 1 mark
4. The following passage has not been edited. There is an error in each line against which a blank has been given. Identify the error and write its correction against the correct blank number. Remember to underline the correction. The first one has been done for you.
Ans. a) can should
b) for of
c) a an
5. Read the conversation between two friends and complete the passage that follows:
Ans. a) why had she not listened to her
b) had called her several times but could not contact her
SECTION C- LITERATURE (20 MARKS)
6. Answer ANY SIX questions in 30-40 words each. 2*6=12
i) How important is peace of mind according to Gautam Buddha? How can it be achieved?
Ans. According to Buddha, grief and sorrow increase pain, peace of mind can be achieved if one understands the functioning of nature and not grieve at something which is bound to happen.
ii) Why does the poet like Animals?
Ans. The poet desires to live among animals as they are calm and self-sufficient. They do not whine and weep about their conditions. They express love towards human beings
iii) What does the line ‘never let down my bright hair’ tell us about Amanda?
Ans. Amanda will not let her hair down because she wants to be all by herself. If she lets her hair down, anyone can climb up. She does not want this to happen
iv) What impresses you most about Custard the Dragon?
Ans. Custard the Dragon never boasted about any of his qualities. He was laughed at and mocked but remained patient. He was the bravest of all and faced the pirate with courage. He swallowed him up.
v) According to Chubukov, what happened as a result of the dispute over the meadows? Who did he think the meadows belonged to?
Ans. Chubukov thinks that a golden opportunity of the marriage has been lost. He feels upset due to the dispute .He thought that the land belonged to him.
vi. What efforts did Matilda and her husband make to find the lost necklace?
Ans. They looked in the folds of her dress, in the folds of her cloak.
Looked in her pockets
Searched the whole route
Went to the police and newspaper man
Went to various cab companies
vii. Which places did the narrator and the hack driver drive around to find Lutkins?
Ans. They went to all the places where Lutkins could be found
They went to Fritz’s shop
Gustaff’s shop
Gray’s shop
The pool room
Lutkins mother’s farmhouse
7. Answer any two of the following questions in about 120 words each. 4*2
i) Both Valli and Rajvir are passionate about travelling to different places. Why do they like travelling? How are their travel plans similar to each other?
Ans. Rajvir loved to travel and so did Valli.
They both enjoyed looking at the scenery outside and were marvelled to see new things as they went ahead in their journey. They felt engrossed in natures beauty enjoyed the greenery.
Travelling to places is rejuvenating. It breaks monotony of life and amuses. It also increases our knowledge of the outside world Both Valli and Rajvir are full of curiosity. They like to learn from their surroundings.
ii) Bholi is “a harmless dumb cow” people feel so but her teacher does not agree and plays a big role in giving her life a turning point. Develop a conversation between the two, based on your understanding of the story Bholi. You may begin like this
Teacher – Bholi please feel comfortable in my class. You are dressed in neat clothes and look so bright.
Bholi – Ma’am I feel nervous all the time
Teacher – You ……
Ans. Teacher – Bholi please feel comfortable in my class. You are dressed in neat clothes and look so bright.
Bholi – Maa’m I feel nervous all the time
Teacher – You ……….
You look so neat and disciplined Bholi. You have the urge to learn.
I appreciate your spirit to learn. Come on, Don’t be hesitant. Bholi – But ma’am the ooooother childrrr…en make fun
Teacher – Do not take it to heart, be friendly to them and do well in your studies, they will be fine in a few days.
Concentrate on your books. If you perform well in your studies, they will be eager to talk to you and make friends with you.
Bholi – Yes ma’am. I will try.
(many answers possible as per the creativity of the student) Marks to be awarded for content, accuracy and fluency.
iii) “Madam rides a bus” is a memorable and unforgettable journey of a little girl with comic details and element of humour. Discuss.
Ans. Several sights and sounds contribute to the comic element in the story Madam rides a bus.
Honking of the car horn the speed of the bus and the thrill in the air. The frightened cow running on the road.
Valli clapping, laughing and enjoying standing on the seat.
The conductor calling her madam
All these evoke humour in the story