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Class-IX
Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions:
(i) Question paper comprises five sections – A, B, C, D and E. There are 32 questions in the question paper. All questions are compulsory.
(ii) Section A: Question no. 1 to 16 are Objective Type Questions of 1 mark each.
(iii) Section B: Question no. 17 to 22 are Short Answer Type Questions, carrying 3 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 80 words.
(iv) Section C: Question no. 23 to 26 are Source Based Questions, carrying 4 marks each.
(v) Section D: Question no. 27 to 31 are Long Answer Type Questions, carrying 5 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 120 words.
(vi) Section E: Question no. 32 is Map Based, carrying 5 marks with two parts, 32.1 from History (2 marks) and 32.2 from Geography (3 marks).
(vii) There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions. Only one of the choices in such questions have to be attempted.
(viii) In addition to this, separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary.
Section – A
1. Read the following information and write a single term for it:
A mass of peaceful workers was fired upon by the Russian troops when they went to the Winter Palace to present a petition to the Tsar. This incident occurred on Sunday 22nd January, 1905.
(A) Bloody January
(B) The February
(C) Bloody Sunday
(D) The Revolution of October
View AnswerAns. (C) Bloody Sunday
On 22nd January 1905, in St Petersburg, Russia, a procession of workers led by Georgy Apollonovich Gapon reached the winter palace. This procession was attacked by police and cossacks. 300 workers were wounded and more than 100 were killed. It was a Sunday
2. Identify the following image:
(A) Concentration Camp
(B) Border Fence
(C) No Man’s Land
(D) None of the above
View AnswerAns. (A) Concentration Camp
3. What is the purpose of implementation of mid-day meal?
View AnswerAns. To encourage attendance and retention of children
OR
What is the benefit of vocational education?
View AnswerAns. Equip children with skills that can help them procure employment.
4. Choose the incorrect option from Column A and B
Ans. Option (A)
The Kangchenjunga Himal section of the Himalayas lies both in Nepal and India and encompasses 16 peaks over 7,000 m.
5. Who was the chairperson of the Drafting Committee of Indian Constitution?
View AnswerAns. Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar
OR
What is meant by Constitutional Amendment?
View AnswerAns. Those who crafted the. Indian Constitution felt that it has to be in accordance with people’s aspirations and changes in society. They did not see it as a sacred, static and unalterable law. So, they made provisions to incorporate changes from time to time. These changes are called constitutional amendments.
6. Which of the following is a characteristic of democracy?
(A) People do not have the right to vote
(B) People have freedom to express their opinion
(C) People cannot organise rallies
(D) Media is biased
View AnswerAns. (B) People have freedom to express their opinion
7. Name the highest peak in the Eastern Ghats.
View AnswerAns. Mahendragiri
OR
Which division of the Himalayas lies between river Satluj and Kali?
View AnswerAns. Kumaon Himalayas
8. Correct and rewrite the sentence:
The 16th Lok Sabha has more than 448 members whose assets are more than ₹ 2 crore.
View AnswerAns. The 16th Lok Sabha has more than 440 members whose assets are more than ₹ 1 crore.
OR
The 16th Lok Sabha has 15 percent women members.
View AnswerAns. The 16th Lok Sabha has 12 per cent women members.
9. Consider the following statements regarding `liberals’.
(1) They wanted a nation which tolerated all religions.
(2) They wanted a nation in which government was based on the majority of a country’s population.
(3) They also opposed the uncontrolled power of dynastic rulers.
Choose the right option from the following:
(A) (1) and (3)
(B) (1) and (2)
(C) only (1)
(D) (1), (2) and (3)
View AnswerAns. (A) (1) and (3)
10. Assertion and Reasoning Type Question:
Directions For the Question:
In the question given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark your answer as per the codes provided below:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true but R is false.
(D) A is false but R is true.
(E) Both A and R are false.
Assertion (A): Arabian Sea branch of South West Monsoons is responsible for good rainfall in the Northern Plains of India.
Reasoning (R): The part of South West Monsoons which blow over the Arabian Sea is responsible for high rainfall on the western coast of India.
View AnswerAns. (A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
The part of South-West Monsoons which blows over the Arabian Sea is responsible for high rainfall on the Western coast of India. These winds enter through Saurashtra and enter Northern plains. These winds strike the Himalayas and give fairly good rainfall as they have abundant moisture.
11. Study the data carefully and answer the following questions:
Which month has highest rainfall and highest temperature in Delhi?
(A) May, June
(B) June, July
(C) May, July
(D) July, June
View AnswerAns. (D) July, June
12. The Northwest, North and Northeast boundaries of India are characterised by the ____________
(A) young fold mountains
(B) Greater Himalayas
(C) Shiwaliks
(D) Himachal
View AnswerAns. (A) young fold mountains
13. Choose the correct option from column I and II
Ans. Option (D)
Zimbabwe attained independence from the white minority rule in 1980. Since then the country has been ruled by ZANU-PF, the party that led the freedom struggle.
14. Banking is included in ____________ sector.
(A) primary
(B) tertiary
(C) secondary
(D) Both (A) and (C)
View AnswerAns. (B) tertiary
15. __________ was the name of a system of racial discrimination unique to South Africa.
(A) Black-white differences
(B) Racism
(C) Apartheid
(D) Racial differences
View AnswerAns. (C) Apartheid
Apartheid was a former policy of segregation and political, social, and economic discrimination against the nonwhite majority in the Republic of South Africa.
16. Fill in the blank:
Wheat is a ___________ crop.
(A) Kharif
(B) Winter
(C) Rabi
(D) Summer
View AnswerAns. (C) Rabi
Section – B
17. How was the Church responsible for the French Revolution? Mention three points.
Ans. The Church was responsible for the French Revolution in the following ways :
(i) One-fifth of the land was the property of the Church.
(ii) It got large income from tillers, religious counts and gifts. The higher clergy did not care for their spiritual duties and led a luxurious life and was corrupt and immoral.
(iii) The lower clergy performed spiritual duties but they were poorly paid. Therefore, they were disappointed and joined the revolutionaries.
18. State the reasons for the collapse of Tsarist autocracy in 1917.
View AnswerAns. Reasons for the collapse of Tsarist autocracy were :
(i) The industrial workers in Russia got very low wages and had very long working hours, sometimes up to 15 hours.
(ii) The workers demanded higher wages and reduction in working hours, but their demands were not met and they became dissatisfied.
(iii) Most of the peasants were landless and very poor. Due to the autocratic government of Tsar Nicholas II, the condition of the Russian people, farmers and factory workers was highly miserable. As a result, his autocracy collapsed in 1917.
(iv) The peasants worked as serf on the land. Most of the produce went to the privileged classes and the landowners. As a result, farmers suffered from hunger. Later, due to these oppressive policies and out of frustration, the farmers refused to pay rent to the landlords.
(v) The workers could not form any trade unions and political parties to express their grievances. The workers did not get even the minimum fixed wages. They used to work for 12–15 hours a day, due to no limit on working hours.
(vi) Karl Marx taught the people to raise a standard revolt.
(vii) The Revolution of 1905 also proved to be a dress rehearsal of the Revolution of 1917.
(viii) Tsar’s participation and defeat in the First World War served the last reason of failure of his autocracy in 1917.
OR
Analyse the three main social causes leading to outbreak of the revolutionary protest in France.
View AnswerCauses are :
(i) Controversy over the issue of voting system : Voting in the Estates General had been conducted to the principle that each Estate had one vote. The members of the Third Estate demanded that voting now be conducted by the Assembly as a whole, where each member would have one vote.
(ii) Drafting of the Constitution by National Assembly, while rest of the France was seething with turmoil, worsened the situation.
(iii) Storming of the agitated crowd destroyed the Bastille.
(iv) Due to the rumours that the bands of lords of manor would destroy the ripe crops, peasants attacked Chateaux.
(v) Faced with the power of his revolting subjects, Louis XVI accorded recognition to the National Assembly
19. Explain the major reasons for the two hours’ time difference in local time between Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat.
View AnswerAns. (i) Arunachal Pradesh lies on the easternmost tip of the country and Gujarat lies on the western- most tip.
(ii) The longitudinal difference between the two points [Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat] is of 30°.
(iii) If the Earth takes 4 minutes to travel 1° of longitude, it would take 30°× 4 = 120 min. or 2 hours to cross the distance between Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat. Thus, their time difference in local time is 2 hours. In order to ensure uniformity in time, IST or Indian Standard time is followed.
20. Explain any three challenges faced by the election system in India.
View AnswerAns. Challenges faced by election system :
(i) Candidates and parties with money have unfair advantage over smaller parties.
(ii) Candidates with criminal connection push others out of electoral race.
(iii) Some families tend to dominate political parties and distribute tickets to relatives.
(iv) No real choice is given to voters, as major parties are quite similar in policies and practice.
(v) Small parties and independent candidates have disadvantages as compared to bigger parties.
OR
What values are associated with Universal Adult Franchise? Explain.
View AnswerAns. Values associated with Universal Adult Franchise or Universal Suffrage are:
(i) It gives political equality. Every citizen of the country, regardless whether he is rich or poor, young or old, black or white, male or female, has an equal voice in democracy.
(ii) Once equality is ensured to the people, there would be peace which is very essential for progress.
(iii) The right to vote strengthens people’s confidence.
21. Write the difference between disguised unemployment and seasonal unemployment.
View AnswerAns.
| S. No | Disguised Unemployment | Seasonal Unemployment |
| (i) | A situation wherein marginal productivity of labour is zero. It is not visible and is found among wage earners, mostly in agriculture. | Getting employment only for the part of the year in certain sectors, like agriculture is called seasonal unemployment. |
| (ii) | It is mostly found in agriculture. | It is mostly found in agro-based industries. |
| (iii) | It is mostly found in rural areas. | It is found both in rural as well as urban areas. |
22. How is the regular growth of population a major cause of poverty in India? Explain
View AnswerAns. (i) Pressure on resources has increased.
(ii) Unemployment has increased.
(iii) Led to increase in the rate of depletion of resources.
(iv) The people belonging to below poverty line has increased.
(v) Growth rate of per capita income has become low.
Section – C
23. Read the source given below and answer the following questions:
The year 1904 was a particularly bad one for Russian workers. Prices of essential goods rose so quickly that real wages declined by 20 percent. The membership of workers’ associations rose dramatically. When four members of the Assembly of Russian Workers, which had been formed in 1904, were dismissed at the Putilov Iron Works, there was a call for industrial action. Over the next few days over 110,000 workers in St. Petersburg went on strike demanding a reduction in the working day to eight hours, an increase in wages and improvement in working conditions.
When the procession of workers led by Father Gapon reached the Winter Palace it was attacked by the police and the Cossacks. Over 100 workers were killed and about 300 wounded. The incident, known as Bloody Sunday, started a series of events that became known as the 1905 Revolution. Strikes took place all over the country and universities closed down when student bodies staged walkouts, complaining about the lack of civil liberties. Lawyers, doctors, engineers and other middle-class workers established the Union of Unions and demanded a constituent assembly.
Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.
23.1. In the year 1904, real wages of Russian workers declined by:
(A) 25 percent.
(B) 20 percent.
(C) 30 percent.
(D) 40 percent.
View AnswerAns. (B) 20 percent.
Due to Russia’s defeat in the Russo-Japanese War in 1904, prices of essential goods rose dramatically, so that real wages declined by 20 per cent.
23.2. At St. Petersburg workers in strike were demanding a reduction in the working hours to:
(A) eight hours
(B) six hours
(C) ten hours
(D) seven hours
View AnswerAns. (A) eight hours
23.3. Over _______________ worker were killed and about ____________wounded.
(A) 100, 200
(B) 200, 300
(C) 100, 300
(D) 200, 400
View AnswerAns. (C) 100, 300
23.4. The ___________ started a series of events that came to be known as the 1905 Revolution.
(A) Bloody Monday
(B) Bloody Saturday
(C) Bloody Friday
(D) Bloody Sunday
View AnswerAns. (D) Bloody Sunday
24. Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow:
The Indian Desert
The Indian desert lies towards the western margins of the Aravalli Hills. It is an undulating sandy plain covered with sand dunes. This region receives very low rainfall below 150 mm per year. It has arid climate with low vegetation cover. Streams appear during the rainy season. Soon after they disappear into the sand as they do not have enough water to reach the sea. Luni is the only large river in this region.
Barchans (crescent-shaped dunes) cover larger areas but longitudinal dunes become more prominent near the Indo-Pakistan boundary. If you visit Jaisalmer, you may go to see a group of barchans.
Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.
24.1. The Indian Desert lies towards the western margins of:
(A) Aravalli Hills.
(B) Nilgiri Hills.
(C) Shiwalik Hills.
(D) Mahendragiri Hills.
View AnswerAns. (A) Aravalli Hills.
24.2 The Indian Desert is also known as:
(A) Gobi Desert
(B) Sahara Desert
(C) Thar Desert
(D) Sonoran Desert
View AnswerAns. (C) Thar Desert
The Indian Desert also known as Thar Desert, is an arid region in the north-western part of the Indian subcontinent.
24.3. This region receives very low rainfall below ___________ per year:
(A) 150 mm
(B) 150 cm
(C) 100 mm
(D) 50 cm
View AnswerAns. (A) 150 mm
24.4. Barchans are ___________ shaped dunes.
(A) round
(B) crescent
(C) semi- Circle
(D) hexagon
View AnswerAns. (B) crescent
A barchan is a moving sand dune in the shape of a crescent. Barchans are primarily exposed to wind from one direction.
25. Read the source given below and answer the following questions:
Nomination of Candidates
We noted above that in a democratic election people should have a real choice. This happens only when there are almost no restrictions on anyone to contest an election. This is what our system provides. Anyone who can be a voter can also become a candidate in elections. The only difference is that in order to be a candidate the minimum age is 25 years, while it is only 18 years for being a voter. There are some other restrictions on criminals, etc., but these apply in very extreme cases. Political parties nominate their candidates who get the party symbol and support. Party’s nomination is often called party ‘ticket’.
Every person who wishes to contest an election has to fill a ‘nomination form’ and give some money as ‘security deposit’.
Recently, a new system of declaration has been introduced on direction from the Supreme Court. Every candidate has to make a legal declaration, giving full details of:
• Serious criminal cases pending against the candidate;
• Details of the assets and liabilities of the candidate and his or her family; and
• Educational qualifications of the candidate.
This information has to be made public. This provides an opportunity to the voters to make their decision on the basis of the information provided by the candidates.
25.1. What is the minimum age of a candidate to contest an election in Lok Sabha?
View AnswerAns. 25 years
25.2 Why is the legal declaration made public?
View AnswerAns. This provides an opportunity to the voters to make their decision on the basis of the information provided by the candidates.
25.3 What legal declarations should be filled by the candidate when filing the nominations?
View AnswerAns. Every candidate has to make a legal declaration, giving full details of:
(i) Serious criminal cases pending against the candidate;
(ii) Details of the assets and liabilities of the candidate and his or her family; and
(iii) Educational qualifications of the candidate.
25.4 Who introduced a new system of declaration?
View AnswerAns. Supreme Court
26. Read the source given below and answer the following questions:
The Green Revolution in the late 1960s introduced the Indian farmers to cultivation of wheat and rice using high yielding varieties (HYVs) of seeds. Compared to the traditional seeds, the HYV seeds promised to produce much greater amounts of grain on a single plant. As a result, the same piece of land would now produce far larger quantities of food grains than was possible earlier. HYV seeds, however, needed plenty of water and also chemical fertilisers and pesticides to produce best results. Higher yields were possible only from a combination of HYV seeds, irrigation, ‘chemical fertilisers, pesticides, etc.
Farmers of Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh were the first to try out the modern farming method in India. The farmers in these regions set up tube wells for irrigation, and made use of HYV seeds, chemical fertilizers and pesticides in farming. Some of them bought farm machinery, like tractors and threshers, which made ploughing and harvesting faster. They were rewarded with high yields of wheat.
In Palampur, the yield of wheat grown from the traditional varieties was 1300 kg per hectare. With HYV seeds, the yield went up to 3200 kg per hectare. There was a large increase in the production of wheat. Farmers now had greater amounts of surplus wheat to sell in the markets.
Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option.
26.1. When was Green Revolution introduced?
View AnswerAns. The Green Revolution started in the year 1965. It was the first time when High Yield Variety seeds were introduced in Indian Agriculture.
26.2. What was the main aim of the Green Revolution?
View AnswerAns. The main aim of Green Revolution was to make India self- sufficient when it came to food grains
26.3. Which Indian states were the first to tryout the modern farming?
View AnswerAns. Punjab, Haryana, and Western Uttar Pradesh were the first set of regions in India to try the modern farming methods.
26.4. How did the introduction of the Green Revolution affect the cost of cultivation?
View AnswerAns. The cost of cultivation went up.
Section – D
27. Mention the main events of the February Revolution of 1917.
View AnswerAns. Main Events of the February Revolution were :
(i) In February 1917, there was a severe food shortage in the workers’ quarters.
(ii) All the factories and workers’ quarters were located on the right bank of the River Neva. On the left bank, there were Winter Palace, official buildings and the palace where Duma met.
(iii) On 22nd February, a lockout took place at a factory leading to a strike by the workers. The next day, workers in fifty factories called a strike in sympathy.
(iv) The demonstrating workers ultimately crossed the river and surrounded the official buildings in Petrograd.
(v) The Government imposed a curfew and called out the cavalry and police to keep check on them.
OR
State any five events that led to the February Revolution in Petrograd.
28. Describe any five characteristic features of the hot weather season in India.
View AnswerAns. (i) The hot weather season in India refers to the summers that begins in March and lasts till Mid-June.
(ii) Low pressure develops extending from Thar Desert, in the North–west to Patna and Chota Nagpur Plateau in the East and South–east.
(iii) Temperature ranges between 38 degree Celsius to 45 degree Celsius in the North.
(iv) Pre–monsoon showers are common; are known as Kaal Baisakhi, Mango Showers.
(v) Striking feature : Loo, a hot, dry, dusty and strong wind blows over the North and North-west India, along with dust storms.
OR
Describe five characteristics of the division of the Great Peninsular Plateau.
View AnswerAns. Main features of the Peninsular Plateau :
(i) It is a table land and composed of the old crystalline, igneous and metamorphic rocks.
(ii) It is formed due to the breaking and drifting of the Gondwanaland.
(iii) It has broad and shallow valleys and rounded hills.
(iv) It consists of two broad divisions, namely, the Central Highlands and the Deccan Plateau.
(v) The Central Highlands are wider in the West but narrower in the East.
(vi) The Deccan Plateau is higher in the West and slopes gently Eastwards.
29. Describe any five salient features of the Constitution of India.
View AnswerAns. Salient features :
(i) Sovereign—People are masters and have supreme right to take decisions.
(ii) Socialist—Wealth to be shared equally.
(iii) Secular—It is based on the freedom of religion. All religions should be treated equally.
(iv) Democratic—People have political equality.
(v) Republic—Head of the state is a common man elected by the people.
30. The Indian Constitution is both rigid and flexible. Explain.
View AnswerAns. The Indian Constitution is both rigid and flexible in the following manner :
(i) The procedure of amendment is neither as easy as in England nor as difficult as in the United States.
(ii) The federal provision of the constitution cannot be amended easily, e.g., the division of powers between the centre and the states.
(iii) In such cases, a constitutional amendment must be passed by the two-third members of the Parliament and ratified by one-half of the states before sending the bill to the President.
(iv) In such cases, only two-thirds majority of members present and voting is needed. Consent of the states is not needed.
(v) All the constitutional amendments can be initiated only in the Union Parliament and not in any State Legislature.
31. Do you think that present methodology of poverty estimation is appropriate?
View AnswerAns. The present methodology of poverty estimation does not look appropriate. It only takes one factor in view and that is the economic factor. Moreover, it considers about a “minimum” subsistence level of living rather than a “reasonable” level of living. Poverty has many dimensions. It is no longer confined to economic factors alone. With development, the definitions of what constitutes poverty also changes. Its concept has broadened to human poverty. A few persons may have been able to feed themselves but if they are without education, without shelter, without health-care, without job security, without self-confidence, without social equality, they are considered poor. If poverty is to be removed in real sense and the people are to be brought above the poverty line, not only that we need to increase their income but also, we have to provide the people with education, shelter, health-care, job-security, respect, dignity, etc.
OR
Explain any two merits and three demerits of the Green Revolution.
View AnswerAns. Merits:
(i) Helps in the progress of agriculture.
(ii) Helps in the growth and yield of crops.
(iii) HYV seeds are considered as miracle seeds due to the high produce when irrigated properly.
Demerits:
(i) Use of pesticides and other harmful chemicals during its production affect the crops and the consumer.
(ii) These seeds need more irrigation and fertilizers than the traditional seeds.
(iii) Excessive use of pesticides and chemicals while growing HYV seeds causes land degradation.
Section – E
32. (A) (1) On the given political map of the world, locate and label:
Germany
(2) Identify the nation that was an Axis Power during the World War II.
Ans. Italy
Ans.
(B) (1) On the given political map of India, locate and label the following:
(i) Kanchenjunga
(ii) Largest state in Rajasthan according to area
(2) Identify the type of vegetation in the map.
Ans. (B) (2) Tropical Evergreen Forests
