Class IX – Social Science – Paper – 2

Ans. (D) slow economic growth of the country.

High unemployment rate means that the economy is not able to generate enough jobs for people seeking work.

Ans. Ans. (A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Ans. (C) Capital

Ans. Currents

Ans. South west monsoon winds

Ans. In China the election do not offer the people any serious choice. They cannot choose the ruling party and the candidates approved by it. That is why, we cannot say that China is a Democratic country.

Ans. General Pervez Musharraf

Ans. Option (C)

Ans. (C) 1-4-3-2

Ans. They wanted to fight for better living and working conditions.

Ans. Banks should be nationalized

Ans. (A) Mangrove

This type of vegetation is found on the deltas of the Ganga, the Mahanadi, the Krishna, the Godavari, and the Kaveri.

Ans. (D) Monsoon Forest

Tropical dry forest is also called monsoon forest, biome of any open woodland in tropical areas that have a long dry season followed by a season of heavy rainfall.

Ans. India is called a republic as the representatives are elected by the people of the country. The representatives elected by citizens have the power to take decisions on our behalf.

Ans. Leaders of the freedom movement had decided that the country would be democratic after independence.

Ans. The members of the Constituent Assembly of India did not have same views as they represented different language, group, castes, classes and religions in social terms also.

Ans. (B) Election in Iraq

The cartoon is saying that democracy is being established in Iraq with the help of the US military power. Democracy is written in this particular way because it shows that it is not true democracy and it is mockery of democracy setup by the US for its own interest. Democracy is being ridiculed in this cartoon.

Ans. (D) None of these

An electoral roll (variously called an electoral register, voters roll, poll book or other description) is a compilation that lists persons who are entitled to vote for particular elections in a particular jurisdiction.

Ans. (D) Tapi

Tapi river rises in Multai reserve forest in Madhya Pradesh and drains into Gulf of Khambhat. This river flows through a rift valley. Its length is approximately 724 km.

Ans. (B) Altitude

Ans. Most of the women of the Third Estate had to work for the living.

(i) They worked as seamstresses or laundresses, sold flowers, fruits and vegetables at the market or were employed as domestic servants.

(ii) They did not have access to education or job training. Only daughters of Nobles or wealthier members of the Third Estate could study at a convent.

(iii) Working women also had to take care of their families. Their wages were lower than those of men

Ans. Conditions of the working women in Russia :

(i) They took active part in the revolution and often inspired their male co-workers.

(ii) Women made up 31 percent of factory labour.

(iii) They were less than their male counterparts.

(iv) During the February Revolution, the women workers led the way to strikes.

(v) 22nd February was called International Women’s Day

Ans. The contribution of Lenin in the Russian Revolution included the following:

(i) The political objective was achieved when Tsar abdicated his throne.

(ii) Economic and social revolutions of October, 1917 were directed by Lenin.

(iii) Lenin united the workers and peasants.

(iv) He took control of the government and became the President.

(v) ‘Peace, land and bread’ became communist slogans.

Ans. Natural vegetation is the plant community growing naturally without human aid and has been left undisturbed by humans for a long time. Following are the major types of vegetation identified in our country:

(i) Tropical rain forests

(ii) Tropical deciduous forests

(iii) Tropical thorn forests

(iv) Montane forests

(v) Mangrove forests

Ans. (i) The administration of whole country is carried on the name of the President of India. He is the Supreme Commander of Armed Forces.

(ii) He appoints the Prime Minister, the Chief Justice of India, Governors of the States, Judges of Supreme Court and High Courts, the Election Commissioner, Ambassadors to other countries, etc.

(iii) There is one very important thing he should do on his own, i.e. appoint the Prime Minister. When a party or coalition of parties secures a clear majority in the elections, the President has to appoint the leader of the majority party or the coalition that enjoys majority support in the Lok Sabha. When no party or coalition gets a majority in the Lok Sabha, the President exercises his discretion. The President appoints a leader who in his opinion can muster majority support in the Lok Sabha. In such a case, the President can ask the newly appointed Prime Minister to prove majority support in the Lok Sabha within a specified time

Ans. Coalition government is formed by an alliance of two or more political parties usually when no single party enjoy majority support of the members in the legislature. Limitations:

(i) The Prime Minister has to accommodate different groups and sections in his party as well as among his alliance partners.

(ii) He also has to heed to the views and positions of coalition partners and other parties, on whose support the survival of the government depends.

Ans. Steps taken by the Government of India to improve the health :

(i) Improving the accessibility of health care.

(ii) Aimed to arrange family welfare programmes.

(iii) Nutritional service with special focus on under privileged segment of population.

(iv) Health awareness campaigns and medication programmes.

(v) Development of vast health infrastructure.

Ans. Advantages of having a healthy population :

(i) Health is an important factor of population as it affects the process of development.

(ii) Development depends on the efficiency of manpower and efficiency depends on good health and good environment.

(iii) If the health of the people is properly looked after, people can produce more and thus the productivity of the country will get increased.

(iv) A well-educated healthy population provides potential power as economic development depends on the quality, capacity and ability of the people.

(v) Sick people cannot work efficiently. This in turn reduces the output of the country.

Ans. (C) 18 years.

The minimum voting age in our country is 18. Every citizen who is at or above the age of 18 has the right to vote

Ans. (A) Voter List

In a democratic election, the list of those who are eligible to vote is prepared much before the election and given to everyone, which is officially called the Electoral Roll and is commonly known as the Voters’ List.

Ans. (B) election campaigns

Ans. (A) 2 weeks.

Ans. (C) land and capital.

Ans. (D) education

Educated parents invest more heavily in their children’s education. They get proper guidance from their educated parents. Children of uneducated parents usually don’t get much financial support unlike children of educated parents who get good financial support.

Ans. (D) All of the Above

Ans. (C) Japan

Japan’s lack of natural resources, therefore, has led them to rely heavily on the people of the country as a resource. The country has had to mine its only major resource, the human capital, in specific ways to achieve the world standing they have held for many years in the past.

Ans. Liberals were a group of people who wanted a nation that bore all religions.

Ans. They opposed the uncontrolled powers of dynastic rules. They wanted to safeguard the rights of individuals against governments.

Ans. Austria and Spain

Ans. The movement for voting rights to women came to be known as the suffrage movement. All over Europe and USA.

Ans. The summer months experience rising temperature and falling air pressure in the northern part of the country.

Ans. The wind blowing in the northern plains in summer is known as Loo.

Ans. West Bengal

Ans. Kerala and Karnataka

Ans. Napoleon was the Emperor of France from 1804 to 1815. Rise of Napoleon :

(i) After the formation of France as Republic in 1792, the ruler, Robespierre, gave more privileges to the wealthier section of the society.

(ii) Robespierre was an autocrat. His act led to ‘Reign of Terrors’ for many years.

(iii) After his rule came to an end, a directory was formed so as to avoid concentration of power in one individual’s hand. But the members of the directory fought among themselves, which led to political instability.

(iv) In this period, Napoleon Bonaparte gained the control of the reign as a dictator.

(v) In 1804, he crowned himself as the emperor of France.

(vi) He set out to conquer the neighbouring European countries.

(vii) Soon, the Napoleonic armies came to be viewed everywhere as an invading force

Ans. Subsistence Crisis: An extreme situation where the basic means of livelihood are endangered. Causes:

(i) Increase population of France led to a rapid increase in the demand for food grains.

(ii) But the production of grains could not keep pace with the demand, So the price of bread rose rapidly.

(iii) Wages of the workers did not keep pace with the rise in prices. So the, gap between the poor and rich widened.

(iv) Things became worse whenever drought and had reduced the harvest. This led to a Subsistence crisis.

Ans. 492 wildlife sanctuaries have been set up in India to protect and conserve wildlife. The government has demarcated them and maintains them. But certain external factors and loopholes in internal management of these areas create problems and affect their purpose. Dangers faced by wildlife sanctuaries of India are as follows :

(i) Poaching or illegal killing of animals for trade of their hides, skins, tusk, horns and bones.

(ii) Hunting of animals for game.

(iii) Killing of animals by villagers in instances of migration of animals to inhabited areas during floods. In North Bengal, often elephants move out from the forests to cultivated fields and are killed by the villagers.

(iv) Shortage of trained personnel to take care of the animals within the sanctuaries. This leads to death of sick animals.

(v) Shortage of funds for management of the sanctuaries.

The wildlife sanctuaries can be protected better in the following ways :

(i) Strict vigilance of the areas within the sanctuaries.

(ii) Enforcing strict measures against people encroaching the wildlife sanctuaries without proper permission.

(iii) Making laws against poaching and hunting more strict and punishing people who dare to destroy the sanctity of the wildlife sanctuaries.

(iv) Training the personnel to take proper care of animals within the wildlife sanctuary.

(v) Creating a proper, protected boundary for the wildlife sanctuaries.

(vi) Creating public awareness regarding the need of wildlife sanctuaries.

Ans. Features of the Central Highlands :

(i) The part of the Peninsular Plateau lying to the North of the Narmada River covering major area of the Malwa Plateau is known as the Central Highlands.

(ii) The Vindhya range is bounded by the Central Highlands on the South and the Aravallis on the Northwest. The further Westward extension gradually merges with the sandy and rocky desert of Rajasthan.

(iii) The flow of rivers draining this region, namely the Chambal, Sind, Betwa and Ken are from Southwest to Northeast, thus indicating the slope.

(iv) The Central Highlands are wider in the West, but narrower in the East.

(v) The Eastward extensions of this plateau are locally known as the Bundelkhand and Baghelkhand

Ans. (i) The Indian Constitution provides equal rights of representation to all the citizens of India in elections and to choose their representatives.

(ii) All citizens of age 18 years or above are eligible to vote and a citizen aged 25 years or above is also eligible for contesting an election.

(iii) According to Universal Adult Franchise, everyone should have one vote and each vole should have equal value. No one should be denied the right to vote without a good reason.

(iv) Citizens differ from one another in many ways : some are rich, some are poor, some are highly educated, some are not so educated or not educated at all, some are kind, others are not. But all of them are human beings with their own needs and views.

(v) That is why all of them deserve to have an equal say in decisions that affect them especially politics

Ans. Arguments against democracy :

(i) Leaders keep changing in a democracy. This leads to instability.

(ii) So many people have to be consulted in a democracy that it leads to delays.

(iii) Democracy leads to corruption for it is based on electoral competition.

(iv) Democracy is all about political competition and power play. There is no scope for morality.

(v) Ordinary people don’t know what is good for them: they should not decide anything

Ans. Green Revolution :

Significant increase in agriculture production after 1967–1968 due to the adoption of new agriculture strategy which implied a simultaneous use of better and modern agriculture inputs is termed as the Green Revolution. M. S. Swaminathan and his team also contributed towards the success of the Green Revolution in India. Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh are the main regions where the Green Revolution was started.

Difference between Green Revolution and traditional farming:

(i) The Green Revolution refers to the use of chemical fertilizers, technology, high-yielding variety seeds which are genetically engineered. Traditional farming emphasizes the use of natural seeds and fertilizers.

(ii) Till the mid 1960s, the seeds used in cultivation were traditional ones, with relatively low yields.

(iii) Traditional seeds needed less irrigation. Farmers used cow dung and other natural manure as fertilizers.

(iv) All these were readily available with the farmers who did not have to buy them.

(v) The Green Revolution in the late 1960s introduced the Indian farmer to cultivation of wheat and rice using High-Yielding Varieties (HYVs) of seeds.

(vi) Compared to the traditional seeds, the HYV seeds promised to produce much greater amounts of grain on a single plant. As a result, the same piece of land would now produce far larger quantities of food grains than was possible earlier. HYV seeds, however, needed plenty of water and also chemical fertilizers and pesticides to produce best results.

Ans. Role of health: The health of a person helps him to realise his potential and provides the ability to fight illness.

An unhealthy person becomes a liability for an organization. Hence, it should be the priority of the country. Our national policy also aims at improving the accessibility of health care.

Role of Education:

Educated people earn higher incomes on account of higher productivity which adds to the growth of economy. It opens new horizons, provides new aspirations and develops values of life.

Ans. Marseilles

Ans. Rajasthan

Ans. Montane Forests

Ans.